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This section defines the scope of the document, provides a brief history of the Pi-Bus, discusses key features of the Pi-Bus, and provides an overview of the operation of the Pi-Bus. This document is a handbook intended to accompany AS4710 Pi-Bus standard. The purpose of this document is to provide information to aid users of the Pi-Bus, whether they be implementors of Pi-Bus controllers, architects of systems considering using the Pi-Bus, or programmers who must develop applications in a system which uses the Pi-Bus as the backplane communications bus. This document also provides rationale for many of the Pi-Bus requirements as defined in AS4710 and a discussion of potential enhancements that are being considered for the Pi-Bus.

This section defines the scope of the document, provides a brief history of the Pi-Bus, discusses key features of the Pi-Bus, and provides an overview of the operation of the Pi-Bus. This document is a handbook intended to accompany AS4710 Pi-Bus standard. The purpose of this document is to provide information to aid users of the Pi-Bus, whether they be implementors of Pi-Bus controllers, architects of systems considering using the Pi-Bus, or programmers who must develop applications in a system which uses the Pi-Bus as the backplane communications bus. This document also provides rationale for many of the Pi-Bus requirements as defined in AS4710 and a discussion of potential enhancements that are being considered for the Pi-Bus.

This Handbook has been prepared by the Ring Implementation Task Group of the SAE AS-2 Committee, and is intended to support AS4075 by providing explanation of the standard itself and guidance on its use. The principal objective in the preparation of a standard is to provide a statement of operational and performance requirements, and an unambiguous definition of the functions to be realized in any implementation, primarily from the view point of interoperability. While efforts have been made within the AS4075 standard to provide a readable general description of the HSRB, detailed explanations, rationale and guidance to the use are incompatible with the purpose and, indeed, the format of a standard. Accordingly, this Handbook contains a paragraph-by-paragraph explanation of the main sections of the standard, and a discussion of application and implementation issues.

This Handbook has been prepared by the Ring Implementation Task Group of the SAE AS-2 Committee, and is intended to support AS4075 by providing explanation of the standard itself and guidance on its use. The principal objective in the preparation of a standard is to provide a statement of operational and performance requirements, and an unambiguous definition of the functions to be realized in any implementation, primarily from the view point of interoperability. While efforts have been made within the AS4075 standard to provide a readable general description of the HSRB, detailed explanations, rationale and guidance to the use are incompatible with the purpose and, indeed, the format of a standard. Accordingly, this Handbook contains a paragraph-by-paragraph explanation of the main sections of the standard, and a discussion of application and implementation issues.

Today's sophisticated aircraft are required to effectively perform a variety of missions. With the advent of micro-miniaturization in electronics and advanced digital computers, a new generation of avionics equipment and systems can be utilized to increase the capabilities of the aircraft. As the quantity and variety of equipment and functions increases, the problems of inter-connecting these equipments with wires presents a constraint on size, weight, signal conditioning, reliability, maintainability and electromagnetic control. Conventional wiring has resulted in large bundles of wires and many connectors which adds excessive weight and reduces the space available for the pilot and other vital elements. This limitation can be relieved significantly by the application of well proven multiplexing techniques.

The purpose of this Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to provide recommendations on the use of four types of discrete signal interfaces for unidirectional, low power, low frequency transmission of discrete information.

MIL-STD-1553 establishes requirements for digital command/response time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques on military vehicles, especially aircraft. The existing MIL-STD-1553 network operates at a bit rate of 1 Mbps and is limited by the protocol to a maximum data payload capacity of approximately 700 kilobits per second. The limited capacity of MIL-STD-1553 buses coupled with emerging data rich applications for avionics platforms plus the expense involved with changing or adding wires to thousands of aircraft in the fleet has driven the need for expanding the data carrying capacity of the existing MIL-STD-1553 infrastructure.

MIL-STD-1553 establishes requirements for digital command/response time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques on military vehicles, especially aircraft. The existing MIL-STD-1553 network operates at a bit rate of 1 Mbps and is limited by the protocol to a maximum data payload capacity of approximately 700 kilobits per second. The limited capacity of MIL-STD-1553 buses coupled with emerging data rich applications for avionics platforms plus the expense involved with changing or adding wires to thousands of aircraft in the fleet has driven the need for expanding the data carrying capacity of the existing MIL-STD-1553 infrastructure.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration, that is functionally equivalent to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration, that is functionally equivalent to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This document establishes test plans/procedures for the AS5643 Standard that by itself defines guidelines for the use of IEEE-1394b as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. This test specification defines procedures and criteria for testing device compliance with the AS5643 Standard.

This test plan defines the test requirements for determining that Bus Interface Units (BIUs) meet the requirements of SAE AS4074, Linear Token Passing Multiplex Data Bus.

This test plan defines the test requirements for determining that Bus Interface Units (BIUs) meet the requirements of SAE AS4074, Linear Token Passing Multiplex Data Bus.

This document establishes test plans/procedures for the AS5643/1 Slash Sheet. The AS5643/1 Slash Sheet establishes guidelines for the use of IEEE Std 1394-2008 as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. It encompasses the data bus cable and its interface electronics for a system utilizing S400β over copper medium over extended lengths.

This document establishes test plans/procedures for the AS5643/1 Slash Sheet. The AS5643/1 Slash Sheet establishes guidelines for the use of IEEE-1394b as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. It encompasses the data bus cable and its interface electronics for a system utilizing S400 over copper medium over extended lengths.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration that is functionally similar to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2 but with a star topology and some deleted functionality. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration that is functionally similar to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2 but with a star topology and some deleted functionality. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes guidelines for the use of IEEE-1394-2008 Beta (formerly IEEE-1394b) as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. It encompasses the data bus cable and its interface electronics for a system utilizing S400 over copper medium over extended lengths. This document contains extensions/restrictions to “off-the-shelf” IEEE-1394 standards, and assumes that the reader already has a working knowledge of IEEE-1394. This document does not identify specific environmental requirements (electromagnetic compatibility, temperature, vibration, etc.); such requirements will be vehicle-specific and even LRU-specific. However, the hardware requirements and examples contained herein do address many of the environmental conditions that military and aerospace vehicles may experience. One should refer to the appropriate sections of MIL-STD-461E for their particular LRU, and utilize handbooks such as MIL-HDBK-454A and MIL-HDBK-5400 for guidance.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes guidelines for the use of IEEE-1394b as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. It encompasses the data bus cable and its interface electronics for a system utilizing S400 over copper medium over extended lengths. This document contains extensions/restrictions to “off-the-shelf” IEEE-1394 standards, and assumes that the reader already has a working knowledge of IEEE-1394. This document does not identify specific environmental requirements (electromagnetic compatibility, temperature, vibration, etc.); such requirements will be vehicle-specific and even LRU-specific. However, the hardware requirements and examples contained herein do address many of the environmental conditions that military and aerospace vehicles may experience. One should reference the appropriate sections of MIL-STD-461E for their particular LRU, and utilize handbooks such as MIL-HDBK-454A and MIL-HDBK-5400 for guidance.