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A proved concept in dynamic analysis of complex machinery is the “building block” approach. Individual components, or building blocks, of the total system are analyzed separately, and then mathematically combined to predict the total system dynamic behavior. The building block concept has become a practical design tool with recent developments in sophisticated finite element techniques and computer interfaced testing equipment. This paper describes the state-of-the-art analytical and experimental methods used to determine the component properties and assemble total system models. Specifically, the application of these methods to the dynamic analysis and design of earthmoving equipment is demonstrated.

New design analysis methods for the structural development and evaluation of earthmoving equipment have been heavily utilized in recent years. In particular, this increased utilization has focused on the use of finite element methods for analyzing stresses in structural components and the use of combined experimental/analytical modeling techniques, such as the “Building Block Approach,” for studying the system response of complete vehicles. The presence of these predictive methods has placed a new burden on test activities which support vehicle design and analysis. Properly planned tests on “reference vehicles,” i.e., existing vehicles for which new designs are needed, can play an important role in directing the new vehicle design efforts. This paper will discuss automated methods for collecting, analyzing, interpreting and handling data for effectively supporting design analysis needs.

This paper describes techniques for dynamic evaluation of complex mechanical systems, particularly construction equipment. By coupling experimental and analytical techniques, a thorough understanding of system performance can be obtained, and improved predictions of dynamic failures can be made. In particular, the ability to obtain reliable predictions of system stress and/or vibration response to adverse loading conditions is presented. It is not necessary or advisable to restrict the testing of earthmoving and agricultural equipment to static loading conditions only. Dynamic studies, using combined automatic transfer function analysis (TFA) equipment and related computer capabilities, are practical and beneficial. The object of this paper is to point out advantages of dynamic investigations and to present another tool for construction and agricultural machinery engineers in their continuing endeavor to improve their products.