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Standard

Spacecraft Life Support Systems

2011-06-20
HISTORICAL
AIR1168/14
A life support system (LSS) is usually defined as a system that provides elements necessary for maintaining human life and health in the state required for performing a prescribed mission. The LSS, depending upon specific design requirements, will provide pressure, temperature, and composition of local atmosphere, food, and water. It may or may not collect, dispose, or reprocess wastes such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, urine, and feces. It can be seen from the preceding definition that LSS requirements may differ widely, depending on the mission specified, such as operation in Earth orbit or lunar mission. In all cases the time of operation is an important design factor. An LSS is sometimes briefly defined as a system providing atmospheric control and water, waste, and thermal management.
Standard

AIRPLANE CABIN PRESSURIZATION

1948-11-01
HISTORICAL
ARP367
These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin supercharging equipment and are subdivided as follows:
Standard

AIRPLANE CABIN PRESSURIZATION

1959-11-15
HISTORICAL
ARP367A
These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin pressurization equipment and are subdivided as follows: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESSURIZED AIRPLANES CABIN AIR COMPRESSORS CABIN PRESSURE REGULATING EQUIPMENT ENGINE BLEED AIR DUCT SYSTEMS CABIN PRESSURE DUCTING SYSTEM
Standard

AIRPLANE CABIN PRESSURIZATION

1960-03-01
HISTORICAL
ARP367B
These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin pressurization equipment and are subdivided as follows: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESSURIZED AIRPLANES CABIN AIR COMPRESSORS CABIN PRESSURE REGULATING EQUIPMENT ENGINE BLEED AIR DUCT SYSTEMS CABIN PRESSURE DUCTING SYSTEM
Standard

GUIDE FOR QUALIFICATION TESTING OF AIRCRAFT AIR VALVES

1990-02-28
HISTORICAL
ARP986B
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines tests to be performed on hydraulically, electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated air valves. They may be further defined as those valves that function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions in order to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (e.g., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, or air shutoff).
Standard

GUIDE FOR QUALIFICATION TESTING OF AIRCRAFT AIR VALVES

1982-10-01
HISTORICAL
ARP986A
This document defines tests to be performed on electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated (regulating, modulating, and shutoff) air valves. The valves may be further defined as those which function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (i.e., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, etc.). The requirements of this document should govern for all qualification tests unless different requirements are established by the detail specifications.
Standard

GUIDE FOR QUALIFICATION TESTING OF AIRCRAFT AIR VALVES

1968-11-01
HISTORICAL
ARP986
This document defines the tests to be performed on electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated (regulating, modulating, and shutoff) air valves. The valves may be further defined as those which function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (i. e., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, etc. ). The requirements of this document should govern for all qualification tests unless different requirements are established by the detail specifications.
Standard

Guide for Qualification Testing of Aircraft Air Valves

2008-11-06
HISTORICAL
ARP986C
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines tests to be performed on hydraulically, electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated air valves. They may be further defined as those valves that function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions in order to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (e.g., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, or air shutoff).
Standard

AIR CONDITIONING, HELICOPTER, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

1970-10-26
HISTORICAL
ARP292B
These recommendations are written to cover the general requirements of helicopter air conditioning and are sub-divided as follows: (1) Air Conditioning System - Dealing with the general design aspects. (2) Air Conditioning Equipment - Design requirements for satisfactory system function and performance. (3) Air Conditioning System Design Requirements -General information for use of those concerned in meeting requirements contained herein.
Standard

Air Cycle Air Conditioning Systems for Air Vehicles

2019-08-20
CURRENT
AS4073B
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for air cycle air conditioning systems used on military air vehicles for cooling, heating, ventilation, and moisture and contamination control. General recommendations for an air conditioning system, which may include an air cycle system as a cooling source, are included in MIL-E-18927E and JSSG-2009. Air cycle air conditioning systems include those components which condition high temperature and high pressure air for delivery to occupied and equipment compartments and to electrical and electronic equipment. This document is applicable to open and closed loop air cycle systems. Definitions are contained in Section 5 of this document.
Standard

Air Cycle Air Conditioning Systems for Military Air Vehicles

2000-03-01
HISTORICAL
AS4073
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for air cycle air conditioning systems used on military air vehicles for cooling, heating, ventilation, and moisture and contamination control. General recommendations for an air conditioning system, which may include an air cycle system as a cooling source, are included in MIL-E-18927E (AS) and MIL-E-87145 (USAF). Air cycle air conditioning systems include those components which condition high temperature and high pressure air for delivery to occupied and equipment compartments and to electrical and electronic equipment. This document is applicable to open and closed loop air cycle systems. Definitions are contained in Section 5 of this document.
Standard

NBC Protection Considerations for ECS Design

2014-07-01
CURRENT
AIR4362A
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) protection considerations for environmental control system (ECS) design. It is intended to familiarize the ECS designer with the subject in order to know what information will be required to do an ECS design where NBC protection is a requirement. This is not intended to be a thorough discussion of NBC protection. Such a document would be large and would be classified. Topics of NBC protection that are more pertinent to the ECS designer are discussed in more detail. Those of peripheral interest, but of which the ECS designer should be aware are briefly discussed. Only radiological aspects of nuclear blast are discussed. The term CBR (Chemical, Biological, and Radiological) has been used to contrast with NBC to indicate that only the radiological aspects of a nuclear blast are being discussed.
Standard

Spacecraft Boost and Entry Heat Transfer

2008-02-19
HISTORICAL
AIR1168/11
The prediction of vehicle temperatures during ascent through the earth’s atmosphere requires an accurate knowledge of the aerodynamic heating rates occurring at the vehicle surface. Flight parameters required in heating calculations include the local airstream velocity, pressure, and temperature at the boundary layer edge for the vehicle location in question. In addition, thermodynamic and transport air properties are required at these conditions. Both laminar and turbulent boundary layers occur during the boost trajectory. Experience has shown that laminar and turbulent heating are of equivalent importance. Laminar heating predominates in importance in the stagnation areas, but the large afterbody surfaces are most strongly affected by turbulent heating. Once the local flow conditions and corresponding air properties have been obtained, the convective heating rate may be calculated for a particular wall temperature.
Standard

Spacecraft Boost and Entry Heat Transfer

2011-07-25
CURRENT
AIR1168/11A
The prediction of vehicle temperatures during ascent through the earth’s atmosphere requires an accurate knowledge of the aerodynamic heating rates occurring at the vehicle surface. Flight parameters required in heating calculations include the local airstream velocity, pressure, and temperature at the boundary layer edge for the vehicle location in question. In addition, thermodynamic and transport air properties are required at these conditions. Both laminar and turbulent boundary layers occur during the boost trajectory. Experience has shown that laminar and turbulent heating are of equivalent importance. Laminar heating predominates in importance in the stagnation areas, but the large afterbody surfaces are most strongly affected by turbulent heating. Once the local flow conditions and corresponding air properties have been obtained, the convective heating rate may be calculated for a particular wall temperature.
Standard

Aerothermodynamic Test Instrumentation and Measurement

2011-07-25
CURRENT
AIR1168/5A
Like the technologies to which it contributes, the science of instrumentation seems to be expanding to unlimited proportions. In considering instrumentation techniques, primary emphasis was given in this section to the fundamentals of pressure, temperature, and flow measurement. Accent was placed on common measurement methods, such as manometers, thermocouples, and head meters, rather than on difficult and specialized techniques. Icing, humidity, velocity, and other special measurements were touched on briefly. Many of the references cited were survey articles or texts containing excellent bibliographies to assist a more detailed study where required.
Standard

Aerothermodynamic Test Instrumentation and Measurement

2006-03-27
HISTORICAL
AIR1168/5
Like the technologies to which it contributes, the science of instrumentation seems to be expanding to unlimited proportions. In considering instrumentation techniques, primary emphasis was given in this section to the fundamentals of pressure, temperature, and flow measurement. Accent was placed on common measurement methods, such as manometers, thermocouples, and head meters, rather than on difficult and specialized techniques. Icing, humidity, velocity, and other special measurements were touched on briefly. Many of the references cited were survey articles or texts containing excellent bibliographies to assist a more detailed study where required.
Standard

Environmental Control System Contamination

2020-05-29
CURRENT
AIR1539C
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) includes a discussion of liquid and particulate contaminants which enter the aircraft through the environmental control system (ECS). Gaseous contaminants such as ozone, fuel vapors, sulphates, etc. are also covered in this AIR. This publication is concerned with contamination sources which interface with ECS and fuel tank inerting systems, and the effects of this contamination on equipment. Methods of control will be limited to the equipment and interfacing ducting which normally falls within the responsibility of the ECS designer.
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