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Induction machines (IM) are considered work horse for industrial applications due to their rugged, reliable and inexpensive nature; however, their low power density restricts their use in volume and weight limited environments such as an aerospace, traction and propulsion applications. Given recent advancements in additive manufacturing technologies, this paper presents opportunity to improve power density of induction machines by taking advantage of higher slot fill factor (SFF) (defined as ratio of bare copper area to slot area) is explored. Increase in SFF is achieved by deposition of copper in much more compact way than conventional manufacturing methods of winding in electrical machines. Thus a design tradeoff study for an induction motor with improved SFF is essential to identify and highlight the potentials of IM for high power density applications and is elaborated in this paper.

Honda R&D Technical Review is a periodical containing research papers related to Honda R&D Center activities worldwide that cover automobile, motorcycle, power products, aircraft engine, and other fundamental technologies. Honda Motor offers a book for the April 2021 issue with 104 pages containing 12 papers focusing on the following latest topics: Technology for Prediction of Contactor Noise for Electric-powered Vehicle Batteries Reduction of Internal Resistance in High Capacity Lithium-ion Batteries with 3D Lattice-structured Electrode Predictive Technique for Seat Belt Submarining Injury by Triaxial Iliac Load Cell

The Aerospace Technical Paper Collection is a family of technical papers as either an annual subscription (current papers, archived papers, or both) or a perpetual collection (1906-1997). This collection is perfect for aerospace engineers, managers, or educators who need access to the most current content covering today's most relevent topics. Please contact one of our sales representatives to learn more and start your subscription today! SAE Sales Team customersales@sae.org 1-888-875-3976 (U.S. and Canada) 1-724-772-4086 (Outside the U.S.)

AS9131 - This standard defines the common nonconformance data definition and documentation that an internal or external supplier or sub-tier supplier must submit when informing a customer of a nonconformity. The requirements shall be are applicable for reporting a nonconforming product to the owner/operator (i.e., end item user), if specified by contract. Reporting of nonconformance data, either electronically or conventionally on paper, is subject to the terms and conditions of the contract. This also includes, where applicable, data access under export control regulations.

The purpose of this standard is to provide a source of definitions of terms and acronyms commonly used in the air transport maintenance community for test and evaluation with an emphasis on terms applicable to BITE.

The difficulty in locating crash sites has prompted international efforts for alternatives to quickly recover flight data. This document describes the technical requirements and architectural options for the Timely Recovery of Flight Data (TRFD) in commercial aircraft. ICAO and individual Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs) levy these requirements. The ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and CAA regulations cover both aircraft-level and on-ground systems. This report also documents additional system-level requirements derived from the evaluation of ICAO, CAA, and relevant industry documents and potential TRFD system architectures. It describes two TRFD architectures in the context of a common architectural framework and identifies requirements. This report also discusses implementation recommendations from an airplane-level perspective.

This document defines an open encoding format for obstacle databases. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of Obstacle Databases (ObsDBs). However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.

This document is based upon the SAE ARP5602 document, A Guideline for Aerospace Platform Fiber Optic Training and Awareness Education. ARINC Report 807: Fiber Optic Training Requirements is a subset of the SAE ARP5602 document designed to meet the requirements of the commercial air transport industry. Certification to the SAE ARP5602 document fulfills the requirements of ARINC Report 807. This document defines recommended general practices for training requirements of aerospace fiber optic systems. It is the intention of this document to outline proven training practices and general standards of workmanship for technicians engaged in aerospace fiber optic manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and repair for the air transport industry. It is also recommended that management and purchasing personnel receive fundamental training to familiarize themselves with the requirements of aerospace fiber optics.

This document defines an open encoding format for terrain databases. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of Terrain Databases (TerrDBs). However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.

This Digital Annex (DA) contains the current, full-PDF version of ARP5149B, Training Program Guidelines for Deicing/Anti-Icing of Aircraft on Ground, as well as .jpeg format files of Appendix D, Application Guidelines Configuration, Critical Component, and Spray Area Diagrams for Aircraft. The .jpeg diagram files may be used by purchasers in accordance with the terms of the included license agreement.

This technical paper collection includes 8 papers from OEMs, suppliers, and academia detailing current brake engineering issues and technology. Topics covered include: NVH, controls, modeling, testing, brake drag, and hardware-in-the-loop evaluations.

Auto manufacturers have known and surveys confirm that consumers require short payback periods (2-4 years) for investments in fuel economy. Using societal discount rates, engineering-economic generally find substantial potential to increase fuel economy, cost-effectively. This phenomenon, often referred to as the ?energy paradox?, has been observed in nearly all consumers? choices of energy-using durable goods. Loss aversion, perhaps the most well established theory of behavioral economics, provides a compelling explanation. Engineering economic analyses generally overlook the fact that consumers? investments in fuel economy are not sure things but rather risky bets. Future energy prices, real world on-road fuel economy, and many other factors are uncertain. Loss aversion describes a fundamental human tendency to exaggerate the potential for loss relative to gain when faced with a risky bet. It provides a sufficient explanation for consumers?

This presentation proposes an approach to use ABS wheel speed sensor signals together with other vehicle state information from a brake control module to detect an unbalanced tire or tires in real-time. The proposed approach consists of two-stage algorithms that mix a qualitative method using band-pass filtering with a quantitative parameter identification using conditional least squares. This two-stage approach can improve the robustness of tire imbalance or imbalances. The proposed approach is verified through vehicle testing and the test results show the effectiveness of the approach. Presenter Jianbo Lu, Ford Motor Co.

An electrically-driven, intelligent brake unit has been developed, to be combined with a regenerative braking system in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) which went into production in 2010 - 11. The brake pedal force is assisted by an electrically driven motor, without using vacuum pressure, unlike conventional braking systems. The actuator can be implemented to coordinate with a regenerative braking system, and to have adjustable pedal feel through use of a unique pressure-generating mechanism and a pedal-force compensator. In this paper, we describe features of the actuator mechanism and performance test results Presenter Yukio Ohtani, Hitachi Automotive Systems

Moir� method is useful to measure the shape and the whole-field distributions of displacement and strain of structures. There are many kinds of moir� methods such as geometric moir� method, sampling moir� method, Fourier transform moir� method, moir� interferometry, shadow moir� method and moir� topography. Grating method analyzing directly deformation of a grating without any moir� fringe pattern is considered as an extended technique of moire method. Phase analysis of the moire fringe patterns and the grating patterns provides accurate measurements of shapes or displacement and strain distributions. Some applications of these moir� methods and grating methods to dynamic shape and strain distribution measurements of a rotating tire, sub-millimeter displacement measurements from long distance for landslide prediction, real-time shape measurements with micro-meter order accuracy, etc. are shown. Presenter Yoshiharu Morimoto, Moire Institute Inc.

Virtual testing is a method that simulates lab testing using multi-body dynamic analysis software. The main advantages of this approach include that the design can be evaluated before a prototype is available and virtual testing results can be easily validated by subsequent physical testing. The disadvantage is that accurate specimen models are sometimes hard to obtain since nonlinear components such as tires, bushings, dampers, and engine mounts are hard to model. Therefore, virtual testing accuracy varies significantly. The typical virtual rigs include tire and spindle coupled test rigs for full vehicle tests and multi axis shaker tables for component tests. Hybrid simulation combines physical and virtual components, inputs and constraints to create a composite simulation system. Hybrid simulation enables the hard to model components to be tested in the lab.

Real-time simulation of truck and trailer combinations can be applied to hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) systems for developing and testing electronic control units (ECUs). The large number of configuration variations in vehicle and axle types requires the simulation model to be adjustable in a wide range. This paper presents a modular multibody approach for the vehicle dynamics simulation of single track configurations and truck-and-trailer combinations. The equations of motion are expressed by a new formula which is a combination of Jourdain's principle and the articulated body algorithm. With the proposed algorithm, a robust model is achieved that is numerically stable even at handling limits. Moreover, the presented approach is suitable for modular modeling and has been successfully implemented as a basis for various system definitions. As a result, only one simulation model is needed for a large variety of track and trailer types.

Nissan Motor Company has recently released the �Nissan Green Program 2016� which is a six-year action plan embodying the company�s environmental philosophy: Symbiosis of People, Vehicles and Nature. One of the key activities of this Program is the successful penetration of Zero-Emission Vehicles into the market which includes electric vehicle (EV) cumulative sales of 1.5M units with our Alliance partner Renault, introduction of a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) into the market, taking a global leadership in supplying batteries for electric drive and creating zero-emission societies. This presentation will highlight some of these key activities. Presenter Kev Adjemian, Nissan Technical Center NA