Search Results

This document specifies how application to application navigation is managed on tablet EFB devices. Topics include: inter-application navigation for users, blending of multiple applications into a single workflow, single data entry with data shared across applications.

This standard defines a common configuration report format that can be retrieved from an aircraft for use by ground tools and maintenance personnel. Reports will be generated in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format and structured as defined by this document. Several optional elements and attributes are defined to allow flexibility for a given report. This standard provides aircraft manufacturers, regulatory agencies, and airlines a format standard for aircraft configuration reporting, and facilitates automated comparison of configuration data reports (e.g., authorized versus as flying, etc.).

The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of data networking standards recommended for use in commercial aircraft installations. These standards provide a means to adapt commercially defined networking standards to an aircraft environment. It refers to devices such as bridges, switches, routers and hubs and their use in an aircraft environment. This equipment, when installed in a network topology, can optimize data transfer and overall avionics performance.

This document describes the technical requirements, architectural options, and recommended interface standards to support an Autonomous Distress Tracking (ADT) System intended to meet global regulatory requirements for locating aircraft in distress situations and after an accident. This document is prepared in response to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and individual Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs) initiatives.

This document defines a standard implementation for strong client authentication and encryption of Wi-Fi-based client connections to onboard Wireless LAN (WLAN) networks. WLAN networks may consist of multi-purpose inflight entertainment system networks operating in the Passenger Information and Entertainment System (PIES) domain, dedicated aircraft cabin wireless networks or localized Aircraft Integrated Data (AID) devices operating in the Aircraft Information Services (AIS) domain. The purpose of this document is to focus on the client devices requiring connections to these networks such as electronic flight bags, flight attendant mobile devices, onboard Internet of Things (IoT) devices, AID devices (acting as clients) and mobile maintenance devices. Passenger devices are not within the focus of this document.

The difficulty in locating crash sites has prompted international efforts for alternatives to quickly recover flight data. This document describes the technical requirements and architectural options for the Timely Recovery of Flight Data (TRFD) in commercial aircraft. ICAO and individual Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs) levy these requirements. The ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and CAA regulations cover both aircraft-level and on-ground systems. This report also documents additional system-level requirements derived from the evaluation of ICAO, CAA, and relevant industry documents and potential TRFD system architectures. It describes two TRFD architectures in the context of a common architectural framework and identifies requirements. This report also discusses implementation recommendations from an airplane-level perspective.

This standard sets forth the desired characteristics of Aviation Ku-band Satellite Communication (Satcom) and Ka-band Satcom Systems intended for installation in all types of commercial air transport aircraft. The intent of this characteristic is to provide guidance on the interfaces, form, fit, and function of the systems. This document also describes the desired operational capability of the equipment needed to provide a broadband transport link that can be used for data, video, and voice communications typically used for passenger communications and/or entertainment. The systems described in this characteristic are not qualified, at this writing, for aviation safety functions.

ARINC 814 defines an XML encoding and compression standard for aviation. It is based on the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Binary XML document. Binary XML encoding is extended in a way that is both flexible and robust. Compression is added on top of the binary encoding. ARINC 814 is expected to be used with Aeronautical Databases, in particular, ARINC Specification 813: Embedded Interchange Format for Terrain Databases, ARINC Specification 815: Embedded Interchange Format for Obstacle Databases, and ARINC Specification 816: Embedded Interchange Format for Airport Mapping Database.

This document defines an open encoding format for obstacle databases. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of Obstacle Databases (ObsDBs). However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.

This document defines an open encoding format for terrain databases. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of Terrain Databases (TerrDBs). However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.

The presentation describes the aerodynamic development and optimization process of the three different new models of the Audi A6/A7 family. The body types of these three models represent the three classic aerodynamic body types squareback, notchback and fastback. A short introduction of the flow structures of these different body types is given and their effect on the vehicle aerodynamic is described. In order to achieve good aerodynamic performance, the integration into the development process of the knowledge about these flow phenomena and the breakdown of the aerodynamic resistance into its components friction- and pressure drag as well as the induced drag is very important. The presentation illustrates how this is realized within the aerodynamic development process at Audi. It describes how the results of CFD simulations are combined with wind tunnel measurements and how the information about the different flow phenomena were used to achieve an aerodynamic improvement.

This presentation proposes an approach to use ABS wheel speed sensor signals together with other vehicle state information from a brake control module to detect an unbalanced tire or tires in real-time. The proposed approach consists of two-stage algorithms that mix a qualitative method using band-pass filtering with a quantitative parameter identification using conditional least squares. This two-stage approach can improve the robustness of tire imbalance or imbalances. The proposed approach is verified through vehicle testing and the test results show the effectiveness of the approach. Presenter Jianbo Lu, Ford Motor Co.

When vehicles share certain information wirelessly via Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC), they enable a new layer of electronic vehicle safety that, when needed, can generate warnings to drivers and even initiate automatic preventive actions. Vehicle location and velocity provided by Global Navigation Systems (GNSS), including GPS, are key in allowing vehicle path estimation. GNSS is effective in accurately determining a vehicle's location coordinates in most driving environments, but its performance suffers from obstructions in dense urban environments. To combat this, augmentations to GNSS are being contemplated and tested. This testing has been typically done using a reference GNSS system complimented by expensive military-grade inertial sensors, which can still fail to provide adequate reference performance in certain environments.

Virtual testing is a method that simulates lab testing using multi-body dynamic analysis software. The main advantages of this approach include that the design can be evaluated before a prototype is available and virtual testing results can be easily validated by subsequent physical testing. The disadvantage is that accurate specimen models are sometimes hard to obtain since nonlinear components such as tires, bushings, dampers, and engine mounts are hard to model. Therefore, virtual testing accuracy varies significantly. The typical virtual rigs include tire and spindle coupled test rigs for full vehicle tests and multi axis shaker tables for component tests. Hybrid simulation combines physical and virtual components, inputs and constraints to create a composite simulation system. Hybrid simulation enables the hard to model components to be tested in the lab.

Polypropylene is typically reinforced with commodities that are non renewable and require a great deal of energy to produce. The marketplace needs a reinforcement that can offer beneficial physical properties, such as impact, while being attained from a renewable green source. Compounding flax fiber, which is traditionally an agricultural waste product burned by farmers, with polypropylene yields physical properties similar to traditional glass filled polypropylene. This combination should lead to cost saving opportunities while not sacrificing part performance. Presenter James Preston, Rhetech Inc.

Finding ways to reduce the amount of fuel burned per flight takes top priority in aircraft operations and design. Three experts show how the smallest on-board components can make a huge difference.

From 2009 until present Toyota has had a demonstration program of Prius PHV which is comprised of 600 vehicles throughout Japan, Europe and in the US. The vehicles were given to government agencies, corporations, utility companies and private individuals to use. With these demo units Toyota wanted to understand the market reaction and real world impact of plug-in technology on gasoline displacement with increased use of electricity as a fuel. This presentation shows that approximately 50% of fuel was saved using the PHVs in the US. An experiment in Toyota City shows that if public infrastructure is optimized to be convenient and located where people normally park, there is a potential to achieve an ideal fuel savings of 61%. The demonstration program shows that plug-in technology in fact saves fuel and that the proper infrastructure can optimize the fuel savings of plug-in hybrids. Presenter Avernethy Francisco, Toyota

Optical fiber has begun replacing copper in avionic networks. So far, however, it has been mainly restricted to non-critical applications (video transmission to the flight deck, IFE?). In order to take advantage of the high-bandwidth, low weight, no EMI properties of optical fibers in all data transmission networks, it will be necessary to improve the testing. One part of the puzzle, which is still missing, is the self-test button: the possibility to check the network and detect potential failures before they occur. The typical testing tool of a technician involved in optical fiber cables is the ?light source ? optical power meter? pair. With this tool, one can measure the insertion loss of the fiber link. A second important parameter, the return loss at each optical connector, is not analysed. In addition, this is only a global measurement, which does not allow the detection of possible weak points.

An overview of Daimler?s progression to advance powertrain technology in a growth industry shows many different solutions to improvement in transportation. Daimler continues to make breakthroughs in technology development and application building on 125 years of automotive development. Optimization of current powertrains will enable a significant gain in CO2/mi reductions, that dependent on product mix can be augmented with additional technologies. There is however no bypass to some form of electrification, enabling efficiency gains and alternative forms of power supply. Development of hybrid powertrains continues in an established manner and enhanced development of further electrified powertrains are in development. Organizationally and technically, significant skills and adjustments need to continue to be undertaken enabling OEMs and in particular the supply base to develop optimized solutions efficiently. The outlook is bright for novel component development and innovation.

There are several variables to consider when specifying a hydraulic hybrid system in a commercial vehicle. Parameters which can be controlled include various component sizes and some hybrid system calibration parameters. Presenter Paul Schwark, Bosch Rexroth AG