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This paper describes additional and more recent results from the DaimlerChrysler study of HANS that includes a sensitivity analysis of HANS performance to variations in crash dummy neck length and other impact test conditions. The objective of the tests was to determine the robustness of the HANS concept in a variety of conditions that might occur in actual use. The results show that the variations in test parameters do effect injury measures from the crash dummy, but HANS provides substantial reductions in injury potential in all cases compared to not using HANS. Also, no injuries were indicated with HANS.

A comparative investigation of airbag and HANS driver safety systems was carried out (HANS, is a Registered Trademark in the U.S.A.). With both systems, head and neck loads were reduced from potentially fatal values to values well below the injury threshold. Both systems performed similarly in reducing the potential for driver injury. For this reason and given the high costs of development and testing, there is no justification for further development of airbags for racing.