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Multi body simulation of agricultural vehicles such as tractors has relied on the representation of tires by equivalent spring-damper combinations. Historically, the stiffnesses assigned to various modes of deflection have been established on the basis of tests on a limited population of tires. Vehicle accelerations obtained by simulations of transport over typical terrain and rectangular obstacles using these parametric characterizations have deviated significantly from measurements. This paper reports on an attempt to develop finite element tire models, which are capable of generating quasi-static spindle forces and moments for prescribed displacements over irregular terrain and capture phenomena such as enveloping of obstacles. Though based on the tire manufacturers knowledge of constructional details, they are presented as ‘black boxes’ to the vehicle analyst for imposition of boundary conditions and loads, including inflation pressures.

The product line of 4WD tractors offered by John Deere has been updated as part of the continuous improvement process to meet customer needs and provide a product with maximum value to our customers. The new model lineup is 250, 300, 350 and 400 engine HP. Per customer requests a new model has been added to the prior model lineup at 350 HP. The new models expand the usage of electronic engine control, enhance the engine power curves for increased productivity, provide improved operator comfort, enhance conveniences available to the operator, provide added improvements for serviceability and revises the options available for the customer so that he can purchase the product of maximum value for his needs.

A new hydraulic system was developed for a four wheel drive (4WD) agricultural tractor to coincide with the new modular design of the vehicle. Challenges such as lubrication and cooling of separated drivetrain components, adaptation to stand alone transmission modules, decreased maintenance time, and design of an optional electrohydraulic controlled 3-point hitch for implement lift were addressed. System considerations and design approaches are outlined.

The 9000T track-type agricultural tractors mark John Deere's entry into the high-horsepower, track tractor market. The 360-HP 9300T and the 425-HP 9400T tractors were designed with input from customers to meet customers' needs. Through customer input, on-farm research, and common sense, these tractors have been designed to work light in the spring, heavy in the fall, handle steep hillsides, turn under load and pull like a locomotive. Incorporating many of the already-market-dominating features of the 9000 wheel tractors plus innovative track vehicle features such as the wide stance, long wheel base, controllability, power, and versatility, these machines are truly amazing.

The 70 Series 4WD tractors offered by John Deere has been replaced by a new 9000 product line as part of the continuous improvement process to meet customer needs and provide a product with maximum value to our customers. The new model lineup is 260, 310, 360, and 425 engine HP. All models are powered by John Deere engines with the largest 3 models using the new 10.5L and 12.5L engines. The new line of 9000 Series tractors is a styled tractor family which uses many of the 8000 Series Row Crop tractor concepts and designs. This new product line provides improved operator comfort, enhanced operator conveniences, and simplified serviceability.