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It’s not easy to start the engine in winter, especially in frigid highlands, because the low temperature increases the fuel’s viscosity, decreasing the lubricating oil flow ability and the storage performance of battery. Current electrical heating method can improve the engine starting performance in low temperature condition, but this method adds an external power to the engine, leading to the engine cannot maintain an efficient energy utilization. A warming device using the solar energy is designed to conserve the energy during the daytime, and directly warm up the engine at the time when the engine turns off for a long time, especially during the night. A solar collector installed on the top of the vehicle is used to convert the solar energy to the thermal energy, which is then transferred to the heat accumulator that contain the phase-change medium which can increase the heat storage performance.

With the help of organic working medium absorbing the solar energy for steam electric power generation, green energy can be provided to automotive accessories so as to improve the vehicle energy efficiency. In the hot summer, the exhausted heat resulting from cars’ directly exposing to the sun can be used to cool and ventilate the passenger compartment. Considering the space occupied by the system in the combination of both practical features for solar heat source--low power and poor stability-- a compact evaporation structure was designed to enhance the solar utilization efficiency. In the research, the heat source of power and temperature variation range was determined by the available solar roof with photo-thermal conversion model. Then started from the ratio of exhausted heat utilization corresponding to evaporator’s characteristic parameter, the performance analysis was made in the different working conditions.

In summer, when vehicle parks in direct sunlight, the closed cabin temperature would rise sharply, which affects the occupants step-in-car comfort Solar powered vehicle parking ventilation system adopts the solar energy to drive the original ventilator. Thus, the cabin temperature could be dramatically decreased and the riding comfort could be also improved. This research analyzed the modified crew cabin thermal transfer model. Then the performance of the solar powered ventilation system is analyzed and optimized combined with the power supply characteristics of the photovoltaic element. The storage and reuse of the solar power is achieved on condition that the cabin temperature could be steadily controlled. The research shows that, the internal temperature is mainly affected by the solar radiation intensity and the environment temperature.

With the development of the Internet for vehicles, the Car-sharing has been developed rapidly in recent years. This paper focuses on the network programming and distribution for Car-sharing, which helps to clarify the characteristics and basic law of Car-sharing network development, as well as the main approaches to construct it. Firstly, by analyzing the effect factors and expanding ways of Car-sharing network, characteristics of the development of Car-sharing industry and its network, as well as main Car-sharing users and services, the influence factors of Car-sharing demand and the main demand points in a city are summarized. Secondly, in order to better evaluate the network programming and distribution for Car-sharing, this paper proposes an optimization decision method of the car-sharing network planning by evaluating the possible alternatives in a same scale. The assessment index of Car-sharing network planning is constructed.

The turbine blade is a key component in the operation of the steam turbine hence the design and manufacturing level of the blade will directly affect the performance and efficiency of the turbine. CAD/CAM has been the foundation and important part of advanced manufacturing technology. It is important to study the steam turbine blade integrated CAD/CAM system to improve the design and manufacture of the blade. In this paper, the structure of CAD/CAM system for steam turbine blade is studied and the extensible framework structure including user layer, functional layer and system layer is proposed. Based on the control points of the turbine blade profile design method, and based on the expression between the three-dimensional parametric vector modeling method in UG-based platform, the use of UG/Open development tools and Visual C # developed a turbine blade CAD system.

Eddy current retarder (ECR) shares a large market of auxiliary brakes in China, but shortcomings of the short continuous braking time and the high additional energy consumption are also obvious. The propose of combined braking partakes the braking torque of ECR. However, the existed serial-parallel braking strategy could hardly balance well the relationship between the braking stability and the energy recovery efficiency. This research puts forward an energy management strategy of combined braking system which aims to maximize energy recovery while ensure the brake stability. The motor speed, the braking request and the state of charge (SoC) of the storage module are analyzed synthetically to calculate the reasonable braking torque distribution proportion. And the recovered energy is priority for using in the braking unit to reduce the additional energy consumption in this strategy.

The cabin air temperature increases quickly and can reach 80°C when the vehicle parks in the summer sunlight which has the bad influence on the occupants entering comfort. Some luxury vehicles, like Audi A8[1], reduce the internal temperature through operating air-condition in advance or using on-board battery to drive the cabin ventilator, which requires relatively complex control system and limits the system's operating time because of energy consumption. This research adopts the solar wing as the ventilation power supply and accomplishes the cabin real-time heat rejection by achieving the steady air circulation for both inside and outside environment. First, the static thermal transfer model of the crew cabin is established. Then, on the basis of the parameters of the prototype ventilation pipe, the ventilation model for the outside circulation is built.

The Organic Rankine Cycle System (ORC) is an effective means to use the solar energy. The system adopts the solar energy on the car roof as the heat source to make the ORC work and drive the thermoelectric air-conditioner. It can improve the entering comfort on the parking condition and the vehicle energy utilization efficiency. In this research, the system comprehensively applied the principle of sunshine concentration, heat collection and photo electricity. Then considering the working condition and performance features of ORC system, the car roof was designed to have a compact structure, through which the efficiency of the solar vehicle system could be improved. Firstly, the research analyzed the heat source temperature and the heat flux impact on the output power of the ORC system. After that, the performance of heat collection was identified according to the given thermoelectric air-condition’s power requirements.

The technology of active sound generation (ASG) for automobiles is one of the most effective methods to flexibly achieve the sound design that meets the expectations of different user groups, and the active sound synthesis algorithms are crucial for the implementation of ASG. In this paper, the Kaiser window function-based the harmonic synthesis algorithm of automobile sound is proposed to achieve the extraction of the order sounds of target automobile. And, the suitable fitting functions are utilized to construct the mathematical model between the engine speed information and the amplitude of the different order sound. Then, a random phase correction algorithm is proposed to ensure the coherence of the synthesized sounds. Finally, the analysis of simulation results verifies that the established method of the extraction and synthesis of order sound can meet the requirements of target sound quality.

As a key technology of intelligent transportation system, vehicle type recognition plays an important role in ensuring traffic safety,optimizing traffic management and improving traffic efficiency, which provides strong support for the development of modern society and the intelligent construction of traffic system. Aiming at the problems of large number of parameters, low detection efficiency and poor real-time performance in existing vehicle type recognition algorithms, this paper proposes an improved vehicle type recognition algorithm based on YOLOv5. Firstly, the lightweight network model MobileNet-V3 is used to replace the backbone feature extraction network CSPDarknet53 of the YOLOv5 model. The parameter quantity and computational complexity of the model are greatly reduced by replacing the standard convolution with the depthwise separable convolution, and enabled the model to maintain higher accuracy while having faster reasoning speed.

With the development of highway transportation and automobile industry technology, highway truck overload phenomenon occurs frequently, which poses a danger to road safety and personnel life safety. So it is very important to identify the overload phenomenon. Traditionally, static detection is adopted for overload identification, which has low efficiency. Aiming at this phenomenon, a dynamic overload identification method is proposed. Firstly, the coupled road excitation model of vehicle speed and speed bump is established, and then the 4-DOF vehicle model of half car is established. At the same time, considering that the double input vibration of the front and rear wheels will be coupled when vehicle passes through the speed bump, the model is decoupled. Then, the vertical trajectory of the body in the front axle position is obtained by Carsim software simulation.

The phenomenon of liquid transfer in the liquid tank of the semi-trailer vehicle for transporting dangerous cargo (SVTDC) during braking is analyzed and the relevant mathematical model is established. The braking dynamic model of the SVTDC considering the liquid sloshing in the tank is established, and the model is verified based on the co-simulation method. Based on the typical conditions, the braking deceleration and axle load calculation functions of the model are simulated and analyzed, and the application prospect of the model in the development of driving automation control strategy is discussed.

As a key tool to maintain urban cleanliness and improve the road environment, road cleaning vehicles play an important role in improving the quality of life of residents. However, the traditional road cleaning vehicle requires the driver to monitor the situation of road garbage at all times and manually operate the cleaning process, resulting in an increase in the driver 's work intensity. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a road garbage recognition algorithm based on improved YOLOv5, which aims to reduce labor consumption and improve the efficiency of road cleaning. Firstly, the lightweight network MobileNet-V3 is used to replace the backbone feature extraction network of the YOLOv5 model. The number of parameters and computational complexity of the model are greatly reduced by replacing the standard convolution with the deep separable convolution, which enabled the model to have faster reasoning speed while maintaining higher accuracy.

In recent years, research on car-like robots has received more attention due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence from diverse disciplines. As essential parts, path planning and lateral path tracking control are the basis for car-like robots to complete automation tasks. Based on the two-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamic model, this study profoundly analyzes the car-like robots’ path planning and lateral path tracking control. Three objectives: path length, path smoothness, and path safety, are defined and used to construct a multi-objective path planning model. By introducing an adaptive factor, redefining the selection of reference points, and using the cubic spline interpolation for path determination, an improved NGSA-III is proposed, which is mostly adapted in solving the multi-objective path planning problem.

The non-contact overload recognition method refers to the method of detecting the vibration state of the vehicle through visual recognition without touching the vehicle, and then calculating the vehicle load in combination with the vehicle dynamics model to determine whether the passing vehicle is overloaded. Due to the convenience of detection, low cost of infrastructure and informatization, this method has great advantages in the field of overload identification. However, the model used in this recognition method is the single mass vibration model at present, which will have a large error due to the interaction between the front and rear suspension, and the position of the center of mass needs to be acquired in the recognition process, which is difficult in the actual identification process. In this paper, a vehicle vibration model containing two modes of vibration is proposed, and uses Sobol algorithm to analyze the parameter sensitivity of the model.

Correct shifting schedule of vehicle coasting mode play a vital role in improving vehicle comfort and economy. At present, the calibration of the transmission shifting schedule ignores the impact of vehicle’s dynamic mass. This paper proposes a method for optimizing the shifting schedule of the coasting modes with gear based on the dynamic mass identification of the vehicle. This method identifies the dynamic mass of the vehicle during driving and substitute them into the process of solving the shifting schedule parameters. Then we get the optimal shifting schedule. At first, establish the Extended Kalman Filter to Pre-process the experimental data, reducing errors caused by excessive data fluctuations. Then, establishing a weighted squares estimation model based on particle swarm optimization to identify the dynamic mass of the vehicle.

With the shortage of energy and the continuous development of automotive technology, electric vehicles are gradually gaining popularity. The energy of electric vehicles mainly comes from the power grid, and its large-scale use is inseparable from the support of the power system. However, electric vehicles consume power quickly, have short driving ranges, and frequently charge, and there are plenty of problems such as disorder and randomness in charging, which is not conducive to rational planning of the power grid. Optimizing the charging problem of electric vehicles can not only save power resources but also bring huge economic benefits to operators of charging stations. In this paper, the CAN bus communication protocol, combined with GPS positioning, LabVIEW monitoring, GPRS transmitting and other technical means, can realize the information exchange of the "vehicle-charging device-distribution network".

For vehicle thermoelectric generator, heat would be directly transferred into electricity by thermoelectric modules because there was temperature difference between heat exchanger and water tank. The electrical power generation was deeply influenced by temperature difference, temperature uniformity and topological structure of TEG. In previous works, increasing the difference of temperature would significantly enhance the power generation of TEG and inserted fins were always applied to enhance heat transfer in parallel-plate heat exchanger. But fins would result in a large backpressure which was not conductive to efficiency of the engine.In current study, to enhance heat transfer rates and outside surface temperature, cylindrical grooves on the top and bottom surface in heat exchanger was proposed. The cylindrical grooves could increase the heat transfer area and enhance the turbulence intensity, meanwhile there was no inserts in the fluid to block the flow.

Heat generated by friction between the brake discs and the brake pad causes the disc temperature to rise, which affects the braking performance. This flux generated from the contact surface of the vehicle brake disc not only affects the braking performance but also tends to be wasted and pollutes the environment. However, an accurate system is needed to make efficient use of this generated heat flux, which is usually wasted. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are solid-state gadgets utilized in the conversion of heat to electricity. Hence, the aim of this study is to convert the heat flux generated at the disc contact surface into electrical energy by employing a thermoelectric generator. In Addition, the energy harvested energy to power the battery, which in turn charges the temperature monitoring systems. Thermoelectric generators were positioned at different geometrical points of the brake discs to achieve optimal efficiency and energy storage possibilities.

In the Formula Student Electric China (FSEC), the body structure is generally divided into two types, truss steel tube body and carbon fiber load-bearing body (monocoque). The monocoque is loved by Formula Student teams around the world because it has a higher stiffness and lighter weight than the truss steel tube body. With the widespread application of monocoque, it also brings more problems. Due to the use of the monocoque, the connection between each component and the body was changed from the welding of the original truss steel pipe frame to a bolted connection. However, the bolted connection will provide a large preload force to the monocoque, resulting in the monocoque easily crushed in the local, so it is necessary to pre-bury an enhanced part in the monocoque to ensure the connection strength, that is, the embedded part. At present, aluminum plug-ins after topological hollow processing are being used.