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Experimental results are reported on spray characterization of gasoline pintle injectors A and B; the former with swirl vanes while the latter without swirl vanes upstream the pintle seat. Injection system was common rail with accumulator unit injector and pressure fuel metering. Spray tip penetration length was measured by laser beam attenuation technique. Time-resolved droplet axial and radial velocity components and droplet diameter were measured at many probe positions in both axial and radial directions by a two-component phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA). The measurement covered detailed spray structures of both injectors under rail pressures ranged from 8 to 14 MPa and with fuel delivery from 11 to 42 mm3/inj for Injector A and from 4 to 28mm3/inj for Injector B. Correlations of droplet velocity and diameter with arrival time to the PDPA probe volume are discussed.

The potential for improving the efficiency of a heavy duty turbocharged diesel engine by closed loop Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) management has been evaluated. Testing conducted on a 12 liter diesel engine, and subsequent data evaluation, has established the feasibility of controlling the performance through electronic control of air management hardware. Furthermore, the feasibility of using direct in-cylinder pressure measurement for control feedback has been established. A compact and robust fiber optics sensor for measuring real time in-cylinder pressure has been demonstrated on a test engine. A preferred method for reducing the cylinder pressure data for control feedback has been established for continued development.