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Quantification of geometric and thermal characteristics of machinery is critical to the improvements in part dimensional accuracy and reduction of part to part dimensional variations in a high volume manufacturing operations. Assembly and alignment of different components in a machine result in geometric error over the machining volume of a machine. These errors, once quantified, can be corrected through offsets in positioning controls. The objectives of a good machine design should be to minimize the geometric errors during fabrication and assembly of the components, and replacement of the wear prone components during maintenance of the machine in operations. Thermal errors in machines are even more critical and have not been addressed sufficiently in improving part to part dimensional variations.