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Some communication buses are too powerful and expensive for simple digital on/off operations such as activating lights, wipers, windows, etc. For these applications the LIN bus is currently the most promising communication protocol across the world's automotive industry. This paper addresses a study using LIN (Local Interconnect Network) for Ford South America vehicles. This will propose a new electrical architecture designed with LIN network, which will be replacing the conventional rear and front lights cables in Trucks, where other higher protocols, such as CAN, are not cost effective. LIN is a new low cost serial communication system intended to be used for distributed electronic system that will allow gaining further quality enhancement and cost reduction on cables, connectors and switches.

In-vehicle electronics are becoming more and more important; the functionalities are being distributed across several electronic control units (ECUs). These can be divided into body systems as well as new powertrain and chassis control systems. It is foreseen that the value of software per vehicle will increase for a normal vehicle. This situation creates the demand to perform a study to understand the trends and impacts of a massive electrification of the vehicle. This study and survey aims to identify the current status of the Vehicles E/E Architectures and the In-Vehicle Networks of Brazilian B entry vehicles. It is important to have in mind that Brazilian market represents about 70% of the total South America automotive industry. The study was divided into two parts: The first part approaches the topics above in generality. Goal was to identify the current electrical architecture elements affecting the B entry vehicles versus the main attributes for this kind of segment.

Auto-manufacturers are under increasing pressure to develop powertrain systems for automotive vehicles, which are more efficient regarding fuel consumption, less polluting and still keep high performance levels. Hybrid electrical vehicles (HEV) are considered the most promising technology in sight, considering a time horizon of more ore less twenty years. HEVs combine benefits of electrical vehicles, such zero emission, low noise and high torques at low velocities and advantages of conventional vehicles, such as large autonomy, great reliability and high levels of performance. This paper is focused on the major elements of an HEV powertrain: electrical motors, internal combustion engine (ICE) and batteries, which are described. The paper also presents a comparison of two possible HEV configurations: series and parallel. The mathematical model of a small hybrid vehicle is developed using software ADVISOR.