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Progress in the steel making process has improved the rolling contact fatigue life of bearing steels. Based on identical tests, conducted periodically over the past 20 years, improvements in the rolling contact fatigue life of through hardening bearing steels and various carburizing steels are described. Improvements in steel quality may alter the influence of various factors on rolling contact fatigue life, and because of this it is necessary for them to be re-examined. Based on recent test data, the influence of factors such as oxygen content, alloying elements, fibre orientation, steel making procedure and heat treatment factors such as microstructure and cooling speed during quenching on rolling contact fatigue life are described.

This paper presents a method of measuring rolling element loads within large size ball bearings of four-point contact configuration. The rolling element loads are measured with an original method under five fastened conditions for a turntable bearing. The rolling element load distribution is obtained, and the results are compared to the computed loads and distributions.

Several papers have already been published on the subject of failure analysis of rolling bearings. These papers are very useful. However, with the advancement of bearing technology bearings are increasingly being used in more severe applications. As a result, bearings are experiencing types of failures not described in previous publications. This paper focuses on the quick diagnosis of failed rolling bearings using a magnifying glass or microscopy of low magnification with the emphasis on those failures which have not been previously described.