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The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to provide a summary of the electrostatic charge phenomenon (as it relates to an automotive fuel system) and how that phenomenon could be handled if it develops. The "fuel system" that is the subject of this document is the group of components used during the operation of the vehicle (tank, filler neck, pump, filter, lines, connectors, etc.). Electrostatic charge that may arise during refueling is also included. It is very important to note that this is a collection of ideas and generalities that are summarized from literature and presentations, inferred from some laboratory experimentation, and interpreted by the Electrostatics Subcommittee of the SAE Fuel Lines and Fittings Standards Committee. Some of the discussions are simplified. If more technical information is needed by users of this document, experts should be consulted or literature should be examined directly.

This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. This includes gasoline and diesel fuels as well as their blends with additives such as alcohols, esters and ethers whether the additives are petroleum based or bio-fuel based. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from or are affected by the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: ○ Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system ○ Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled

This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. This includes gasoline and diesel fuels, as well as their blends with additives such as alcohols, esters, and ethers, whether the additives are petroleum based or bio-fuel based. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from, or are affected by, the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: ○ Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system. ○ Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled.

This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from or are affected by the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: a Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system b Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to determining worst-case fuel, conditioning test specimens in worst-case fuel(s) prior to testing, individual tests for properties of polymers exposed to methanol-gasoline fuel mixtures. The determination of equilibrium, as well as typical calculations are also covered.

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to determining worst-case fuel or test fluid surrogate, conditioning test specimens in worst-case fuel(s)/surrogate(s) prior to testing, individual tests for properties of polymeric materials exposed to oxygenate fuel/surrogate mixtures with additives. The determination of equilibrium, as well as typical calculations are also covered.

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to determining worst-case fuel or test fluid surrogate, conditioning test specimens in worst-case fuel(s)/surrogate(s) prior to testing, individual tests for properties of polymeric materials exposed to oxygenate fuel/surrogate mixtures with additives. The determination of equilibrium, as well as typical calculations are also covered.

This SAE Standard covers the minimum requirements for nonmetallic tubing as manufactured for use in gasoline or diesel fuel systems. It is not intended to cover tubing for any portion of the system which operates below -40 °C, above 115 °C, or above a maximum working gage pressure of 690 kPa.

This SAE Standard presents the minimum requirements for nonmetallic tubing with one or more layers manufactured for use as liquid-carrying or vapor-carrying component in fuel systems for gasoline, or alcohol blends with gasoline. Requirements in this document also apply to monowall tubing (one layer construction). When the construction has one or more layers of polymer-based compounds in the wall, the multilayer constructions are primarily for the purpose of improvement in permeation resistance to hydrocarbons found in various fuels. The tube construction can have a straight-wall configuration, a wall that is convoluted or corrugated, or a combination of each. It may have an innermost layer with improved electrical conductivity for use where such a characteristic is desired. The improved electrical conductivity can apply to the entire wall construction, if the tubing is a monowall. (For elastomeric based MLT constructions, refer to SAE J30 and SAE J2405).

This SAE Standard covers the performance requirements for protective covers for gasoline fuel tubing. The ultimate performance of the protective cover can be highly dependant on the interaction of the fuel line tubing and protective cover. Therefore, it is recommended that specific tubing and cover combinations be tested as an assembly to qualify to this document.

This SAE Standard encompasses the recommended minimum requirements for non-metallic tubing and/or combinations of metallic tubing to non-metallic tubing assemblies manufactured as liquid- and/or vapor-carrying systems designed for use in gasoline, alcohol blends with gasoline, or diesel fuel systems. This SAE Standard is intended to cover tubing assemblies for any portion of a fuel system which operates above −40 °C (−40 °F) and below 115 °C (239 °F), and up to a maximum working gage pressure of 690 kPa (100 psig). The peak intermittent temperature is 115 °C (239 °F). For long-term continuous usage, the temperature shall not exceed 90 °C (194 °F). It should be noted that temperature extremes can affect assemblies in various manners and every effort must be made to determine the operating temperature to which a specific fuel line assembly will be exposed, and design accordingly.

This SAE Standard encompasses the recommended minimum requirements for non-metallic tubing and/or combinations of metallic tubing to non-metallic tubing assemblies manufactured as a liquid- and/or vapor-carrying systems designed for use in gasoline, alcohol blends with gasoline, or diesel fuel systems. This SAE Standard is intended to cover tubing assemblies for any portion of a fuel system which operates above –40 °C (–40 °F) and below 115 °C (239 °F), and up to a maximum working gage pressure of 690 kPa (100 psi). The peak intermittent temperature is 115 °C 239 °F). For long-term continuous usage, the temperature shall not exceed 90 °C (194 °F). It should be noted that temperature extremes can affect assemblies in various manners and every effort must be made to determine the operating temperature to which a specific fuel line assembly will be exposed, and design accordingly.

This SAE Information Report is intended to convey the test methods developed for use in testing with methanol and gasoline blends.

This SAE Recommended Practice presents standardized test methods developed for use in testing with hydrocarbon fuels or their surrogates and those same fuels when blended with oxygenated fuel additives. Hydrocarbon fuels include Gasoline and Diesel fuel or their surrogates described in SAE J1681. Oxygenated additives include Ethanol, Methanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME or Biodiesel).

This SAE Recommended Practice presents standardized test methods developed for use in testing with hydrocarbon fuels or their surrogates and those same fuels when blended with oxygenated fuel additives. Hydrocarbon fuels include Gasoline and Diesel fuel or their surrogates described in SAE J1681. Oxygenated additives include Ethanol, Methanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME or Biodiesel).

This SAE Standard includes performance requirements for protective covers for flexible, non-metallic fuel tubing. Ultimate performance of the protective cover may be dependent on the interaction of the fuel tubing and protective cover. Therefore, it is recommended that tubing and cover combinations be tested as an assembly, where appropriate, to qualify to this document.

This test method described in this document covers a procedure to speciate that is, to determine the amounts of each different fuel constituent that permeates across sheets, films or slabs of plastic materials. One side of the sheet is meant to be in contact with either a liquid test fuel or a saturated test fuel vapor, the other side is meant to be exposed to an environment free of fuel. The test fuel can either be a mixture of a small (usually smaller than ten) number of hydrocarbon, alcohol and ether constituents or it can be a sample of a real automotive fuel, e.g., one that may contain hundreds of different constituents. Furthermore, Appendix A contains guidelines to speciate evaporative emissions from finished fuel system components such as fuel lines, fuel filler pipes, fuel sender units, connectors and valves.