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Automotive companies have invested a fortune over the last three decades developing real-time embedded control strategies and software to achieve desired functions and performance attributes. Over time, these control algorithms have matured and achieved optimum behavior. The companies have vast repositories of embedded software for a variety of control features that have been validated and deployed for production. These software functions can be reused with minimal modifications for future applications. The companies are also constantly looking for new ways to improve the productivity of the development process that may translate into lower development costs, higher quality and faster time-to-market. All companies are currently embracing Model Based Design (MBD) tools to help achieve the gains in productivity. The most cost effective approach would be to reuse the available legacy software for carry-over features while developing new features with the new MBD tools.

Custom functions are widely used in real-time embedded automotive applications to conserve scarce processor resources. Typical examples include mathematical functions, filtering routines and lookup tables. The custom routines are very efficient and have been in production for many years [ 1 ]. These hand-crafted functions can be reused in new control algorithm designs being developed using Model Based Design (MBD) tools. The next generation of vehicle control software may contain a mix of both automatically generated software and manually developed code. At Ford Motor Company, the code is automatically generated from control algorithm models that are developed using The MathWorks tool chain. Depending on the project-specific needs, the control algorithm models are automatically translated to efficient C code using either The Math Works Real-Time Workshop Embedded Coder (RTW-EC) or dSPACE TargetLink production code generators.

Recent events in the world have refocused auto manufacturers to design and produce more fuel efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles. One method to improve the fuel efficiency of vehicles is the hybridization of the vehicle's powertrain. Ford Motor Company is developing a hybrid electric powertrain for the Escape SUV. To quickly develop a control system to smoothly manage two propulsion systems as if it were a conventional powertrain is a difficult challenge. To meet that challenge, extensive use of Computer Aided Engineering simulation and analysis is necessary to quickly design, develop and verify control algorithms ready for production. This paper will present the design and development methodology for the production control algorithms to seamlessly move from the simulation environment to the embedded microcontroller.

Ford Motor Company has developed an Integrated Modeling Environment (IME) for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) control system development. This paper presents the Integrated Modeling Environment which facilitates the design and development methodology for the production control algorithms to seamlessly move from simulation to the embedded microcontroller environment. The IME encompasses requirement management, system analysis and verification testing at multiple levels of the Systems Engineering V. In addition, the application of this environment for developing HEV control system (production algorithms and code) is also presented.

Lookup tables and functions are widely used in real-time embedded automotive applications to conserve scarce processor resources. To minimize the resource utilization, these lookup tables (LUTs) commonly use custom data structures. The lookup function code is optimized to process these custom data structures. The legacy routines for these lookup functions are very efficient and have been in production for many years. These lookup functions and the corresponding data structures are typically used for calibration tables. The third-party calibration tools are specifically tailored to support these custom data structures. These tools assist the calibrators in optimizing the control algorithm performance for the targeted environment for production. Application software typically contains a mix of both automatically generated software and manually developed code. Some of the same calibration tables may be used in both auto generated and hand-code [ 1 ] [ 2 ].