Euro VII and Beyond with Hydrogen Combustion for Commercial Vehicle Applications: From Concept to Series Development 2021-01-1196
One challenge for the development of commercial vehicles is the reduction of CO2 greenhouse, where hydrogen can help to reduce the fleet CO2. For instance, in Europe a drop in fleet consumption of 15% and 30% is set as target by the regulation until 2025 and 2030. Another challenge is EURO VII in EU or even already approved CARB HD Low NOx Regulation in USA, not only for Diesel but also for hydrogen combustion engines.
In this study, first the requirements for the combustion and after-treatment system of a hydrogen engine are defined based on future emission regulations. The major advantages regarded to hydrogen combustion are due to the wide range of flammability and very high flame speed numbers compared to other fossil based fuels. Thus, it can be well used for lean burn combustion with much better fuel efficiency and very low NOx emissions with an ultra lean combustion.
A comprehensive experimental investigation is performed on a HD 2 L single-cylinder engine. The hydrogen combustion characteristics are studied with variation of multiple operating parameters like EGR, air-fuel ratio, etc. A predictive hydrogen combustion and NOx model is then developed and validated using the test results.
As baseline for the numerical investigations of engine transient behavior in the cold cycle, an in-line six cylinder 12L HD diesel engine is developed. Cold WHTC and FTP cycles are simulated and the combustion, exhaust gas temperature and emission behavior are evaluated.
The effects of lean-burning combustion and exhaust after-treatment for engine NOx reduction as well as thermal management in transient cycles on exhaust after-treatment (EAT) system to fulfil future regulations are discussed. Multiple EAT architectures are investigated and the trade-off between fuel consumption and the end-of-pipe NOx is assessed. Challenges and potentials of hydrogen combustion for heavy-duty applications considering future regulations are addressed. Variation of engine operating parameters and the potentials of engine calibration for series development is demonstrated using predictive engine and EAT models.
Citation: Rezaei, R., Kovacs, D., Hayduk, C., Mennig, M. et al., "Euro VII and Beyond with Hydrogen Combustion for Commercial Vehicle Applications: From Concept to Series Development," SAE Int. J. Adv. & Curr. Prac. in Mobility 4(2):559-569, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-1196. Download Citation
Author(s):
Reza Rezaei, David Kovacs, Christopher Hayduk, Marian Mennig, Thaddaeus Delebinski
Affiliated:
IAV GmbH
Event:
SAE Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Digital Summit
e-ISSN:
2641-9645
Also in:
SAE International Journal of Advances and Current Practices in Mobility-V131-99EJ
Related Topics:
Combustion and combustion processes
Lean burn engines
Air / fuel ratio
Single cylinder engines
Diesel / compression ignition engines
Hydrogen engines
Engines
Commercial vehicles
Environmental regulations and standards
Fuel economy
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