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This comparative evaluation of USA ‘concept safety’ ambulances and a standard Australian ambulance is based on basic principles of crashworthiness and available crash test data. ...Ambulances are largely exempt from crashworthiness and occupant protection passive safety design standards in the USA, and have a poor road safety record. ...There are features of USA ambulance design that are not within known principles and technical aspects of crashworthiness and safety design, and include some predictable serious occupant protection hazards.

Moreover, the M561 can be used as a command and communications vehicle, troop and cargo carrier, ambulance, and prime mover of towed trucks. The versatility of the M561 will make it a valuable addition to the military's transportation fleet.

This AVSC best practice was first published in 2020 and has been revised to cast expanded role definitions, rearrangement of use cases in Section 4 based on severity of risk, re-creation of Table 4 in 5.4 as a checklist and moved to Appendix B, as well as clarification of sections, examples, and terms throughout the document. This document outlines interactions between first responders and ADS-DVs (SAE level 4 and level 5). It builds on earlier work done by the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partners (CAMP), detailing three types of interactions first responders may encounter: direct, indirect, and informational. In addition, a standardized framework with recommendations for an interaction plan is laid out for ADS developers, manufacturers, and fleet operators which may assist first responders in both emergency and non-emergency situations involving ADS-DVs.