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A wider use of biofuels in internal combustion engines could reduce the emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases from the transport sector. In particular, due to stringent emission regulatory programs, compression ignition engine requires interventions aimed at reducing their polluting emissions. Ethanol, a low carbon fuel generally produced from biomass, is a promising alternative fuel applicable in compression ignition engines to reduce CO2 and soot emissions. In this paper, the application of a dual fuel diesel-ethanol configuration in a light-duty compression ignition engine has been numerically investigated. Ethanol is injected into the intake port, while diesel fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber of the analyzed engine. CFD simulations have been carried out by means of the AVL Fire 3-D code. The operation at given engine load and speed has been simulated considering different diesel injection timings.

In this paper, the behavior of a downsized spark-ignition engine firing with alcohol/gasoline blends has been analyzed. In particular, different butanol-gasoline and ethanol-gasoline blends have been examined. All the alcohol fuels here considered are derived from biomasses. In the paper, a numerical approach has been followed. A one dimensional model has been tuned in order to simulate the engine operation when it is fueled by alcohol/gasoline mixtures. Numerous operating points, characterized by two different engine speeds and several low-medium load values, have been analyzed. The objective of the numerical analysis is determining the optimum spark advance for different alcohol percentages in the mixtures at the different engine operating points. Once the best spark timing has been selected, the differences, in terms of both indicated torque and efficiency, arising in the different kinds of fueling have been evaluated.