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To encourage electric mobility, governments may pay part of the price of the new car. An economic evaluation of this incentive program is proposed. The economic value results from a comparison between the with-incentive scenario and the without-incentive counterfactual scenario. Four contributions are considered: the change in consumers’ welfare, the government expenditure, the change in the discounted costs of energy consumption for the portion that is purchased abroad, and the change in the discounted costs of well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions. A logit model is used to represent choices between differentiated cars and the consumption of all other goods in the economy (the numéraire). The car market in Italy in 2019 had incentives for all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric cars. In a worst case where no consumer scraps the old car the economic value is negative. The economic value is positive in the best case where all scrap.

Due to their ability to store higher electrical energy, lithium ion batteries are the most promising candidates for electric and hybrid electric vehicles, whose market share is growing fast. Heat generation during charge and discharge processes, frequently undergone by these batteries, causes temperature increase and thermal management is indispensable to keep temperature in an appropriate level. In this paper, a coupled Lattice Boltzmann-Finite Volume model for the three-dimensional transient thermal analysis of an air-cooled Li-ion battery module is presented. As it has already been successfully used to deal with several fluid-dynamics problems, the Lattice Boltzmann method is selected for its simpler boundary condition implementation and complete parallel computing, which make this approach promising for such applications.