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The exhaust manifold heat shield is made of different material layers and is bolted to the engine exhaust manifold. The exhaust manifold heat shield has been identified as a potential major noise contributor among the engine components during normal operation, which is to protect nearby components from damage due to high heat. To reduce the noise radiated from the exhaust system, a thermal acoustic protective shield (TAPS) has been developed to act as a partial acoustic enclosure. This paper will discuss the importance of controlling NVH and what can be done design-wise to improve the TAPS characteristics. The paper discusses the impact of damping and vibration, how they are modeled. Further the present study analyzes the radiated sound pressure level (SPL) of a thermal acoustic protective shield by using the finite element analysis (FEA). The analyses are performed using the fully coupled structural-acoustic method and the sequentially coupled structural-acoustic method.

MLS (Multi-layer steel) CHG ( Cylinder Head gasket) designs play a major role in today's sealing approach for internal combustion engine. However, as a member between cylinder block and cylinder head, it not only has a sealing function, but also influences the hardware structure. The knowledge of their interaction is critical to fulfill all necessary requirements. This paper discusses different MLS CHG designs and how they influence the hardware's structure while maintaining the seal of the assembly. Therefore, we investigate major parameters like sealing stress, sealing gap lift-off, bore distortion and etc. A comparison is made between different designs, using experimental data as well as finite element analysis. Because of the vast number of designs and their interactions between the hardware and gasket, the focus is on basic trends of their influences.

Today, Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) is a feature that becomes more and more essential in the development of Thermal-Acoustical Protective Shields (TAPS). The development cycle of TAPS needs to be reduced while simultaneously reducing costs. The performance, functionality and visual appearance need to be improved as well. This paper will describe our general CAE approach, which is based on the use of different CAD systems and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). We will describe how we use the results of our approach in the development of new TAPS. Because this approach is based on the knowledge of the parameters that exist and how they influence a TAPS function, we will first discuss the most important of these parameters. Here we split our discussion into ‘What is a TAPS, ‘What are the main steps of making a TAPS - Designing, prototype’, and ‘How a TAPS works in an engine’. We will then explain the different FEA utilization's.

Today, Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) is a feature that is essential in gasket development. The reasons are that we need to reduce the development cycle, and that we need simultaneously to reduce our costs. This paper and presentation will describe our general CAE approach, which is based on the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and their modifications. We will describe our approach and how we use the results in the development of new MLS gaskets. Because this approach is based on the knowledge of parameters that exist and how they influence a gasket's function, we first of all will discuss the most important of these. Further we will explain the FEA utilization. We will also describe some special features of different software and subroutines (like “Proteus®”). Then, we will further describe how we obtain information about the beading process, the durability, the sealing gap oscillation, etc. Finally, we will give a short overview about some modifications compared to the classical FEA.