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Gear whine is one of the NVH attributes that have become noticeable as performance of other NVH attributes is improved. The predominant root cause of gear whine is transmission error, defined as the deviation of angular position of driven gear/s from the ideal conjugate position/s. Presence of Transmission error can be attributed to three major sources: 1) dimensional variability of individual gears during manufacturing, 2) misalignment during assembly and 3) dynamic tooth deflections during operation. This paper describes a method to estimate statistical distribution of Composite Manufactured Transmission Error (cMTE) for a planetary gear system based on measured surface variation of the gear tooth profiles. The statistical distribution of the surface variation is derived from measured left and right profiles for four equally spaced teeth per gear in both lead and involute directions.