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A Tuskegee University research team has developed paper from inedible sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas), peanut (Arachis hypogea), and soybean (Glycine max) plant residues for NASA's Advanced Life Support Program (ALS) for sustaining human life in space. The objective was to develop papers that could be used as a media for inocula and characterize their physical and mechanical properties. The tensile fracture behavior, micromorphological analysis, and fracture surface examination of peanut shells, sweetpotato stems, soybean pods, and a combination of sweetpotato stems (60%) / peanut shells (40%) papers were also investigated. The ultimate strength was 2.6 MPa, 9.2 MPa, 7.1 MPa and 6.5 MPa, respectively. All samples performed well as a media inocula.

An automated nutrient replenishment system has been developed in order to provide a constant electrical conductivity (EC) value for the nutrient solution over the period of plant growth. A single nutrient film technique (NFT) system developed by the Tuskegee University NASA Center was equipped with the EC control system for growth trials with sweetpotatoes. The system is completely controlled and monitored by a PC through the use of LabView instrumentation and data acquisition software. A submersible EC probe driven by an EC controller measures the EC of the nutrient solution reservoir. EC values are passed from the controller to the PC through analog outputs. If the EC is outside a given range, the PC sends a signal to one of two solenoid valves that allow concentrated stock solution or deionized water to enter the reservoir to either raise or lower the EC respectively. For this application the set point is 1200μS cm-1, with a dead band from 1180 to 1220μS cm-1.

Several plant growth systems have been tested for crop production in microgravity and lunar/Mars environments in support of NASA's Advanced Life Support Program and long-term human space missions. These systems have incorporated such design features as the nutrient film technique (NFT), microporous plates, microporous tubes, and expandable boundary chambers and have been developed and used to support sweetpotato production at Tuskegee University. In the present research, the performance of different sweetpotato cultivars in a microporous tube system with lunar simulant medium was studied. The lunar simulant is an inert aggregate with an average particle size of about 3 mm. Buried in this solid medium is a microporous tube. Nutrient solution is circulated through the microporous tube under a slight negative pressure. This pressure is controlled to allow a slight seepage from the tube with some accumulation of water in the solid medium, but no free water.