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A proposed modification to the Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy upper femur appears to reduce the chest response problems resulting from femur-pelvis interaction in test exposures more severe than Standard No. 208 testing. When compared to overall repeatability of tests, the modification did not change other dummy response measurements appreciably. The femur-pelvis interaction problem, referred to as “hip lock”, was thought to occur in certain vehicles when the femurs of a passenger side dummy impacting only an air bag bottomed out against the pelvis structure. If metal-to-metal contact occurred, excessive load could be transferred to the chest, leading to elevated chest responses. The most pertinent signs of hip lock occurring appear to be a large, sharply pointed z chest acceleration, and a distinct positive component of the lumbar spine z force following the main negative component.

Injuries to the thorax and abdomen comprise a significant percentage of all occupant injuries in motor vehicle accidents. While the percentage of internal chest injuries is reduced for restrained front-seat occupants in frontal crashes, serious skeletal chest injuries and abdominal injuries can still result from interaction with steering wheels and restraint systems. This paper describes the design and performance of prototype components for the chest, abdomen, spine, and shoulders of the Hybrid III dummy that are under development to improve the capability of the Hybrid III frontal crash dummy with regard to restraint-system interaction and injury-sensing capability.

BIOSID is a Biofidelic Side Impact Dummy of the fiftieth percentile adult male that was developed in 1989 under the direction of the SAE Side Impact Dummy Task Force. This paper provides descriptions of the following items: i) two modifications that have been made to improve its durability and usability, ii) impact response verification requirements, iii) repeatability and reproducibility data, and iv) biofidelity and instrumentation ratings.

BIOSID is a Biofidelic Side Impact Dummy which is representative of the fiftieth percentile adult male in size, weight and impact response. The dummy was developed under the direction of the SAE Side Impact Dummy Task Force in response to an International Standards Organization study that concluded that neither the SID nor EUROSID dummy had sufficient lateral impact response biofidelity to be used to assess side impact protection. This paper provides a description of the BIOSID components, the rationale for their selection, and comparisons of its lateral impact responses to the biofidelity requirements specified by the International Standards Organization.