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With increasing interest in environmental protection, it has become important to develop biodegradable oils for two-cycle engine that provide low smoke emissions, good biodegradability and good exhaust system blocking performance in land applications. For studying the effects of oil included in exhaust gas for environment, the biodegradability of unburned oil in exhaust gas from two-cycle engine was investigated. The unburned oils when used the oils blended with mineral oil and/or polybutene showed better biodegradability than the new oils. The unburned ester-based synthetic oils showed about the same biodegradability as new oils probably due to their thermo-oxidative stability. But the ester-based synthetic oils showed better biodegradability after exhausting. The developments of new oil to improve the performance of low smoke emissions, good biodegradability and less exhaust system blocking were tried.

This paper describes a study of the effects of two cycle engine oil composition on biodegradability and engine performance. With increasing interest in environmental protection, it becomes important to develop an oil that would not harm the environment. Desirable requirement was the development of a biodegradable oil with performance suitable for outboard engines, motorcycles, chain saws, and all other types of two-cycle engines. In addition to biodegradability, two key points for the development of this oil were the selection of a base oil that provided outstanding thermal stability and the blending of ashless dispersants that offered excellent high-temperature cleanliness. The developed oil which is formulated with properly selected esters and dispersants showed better performance than current biodegradable oils in every practical use.

This paper relates the smoke reducing characteristics of two-cycle engine lubricants containing polybutene. Making use of these oils instead of conventional ones, not only smoke but also particulate emissions were reduced, while hydrocarbon concentrations were not affected at all. More than ninety percent of the particulates were unburned lubricant, which account for visible smoke. Diluents such as kerosene and leaner fuel/oil ratios also contributed to the reduction of both smoke and particulates.