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In the present paper, a new biofuel ethylene glycol monomethyl ether soyate has been developed. The biofuel was synthesized with a refined soybean oil and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as reactants and sodium as catalyst under 90°C. The synthesized crude product was purified and structurally identified through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FT-IR), 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) analyses. The physicochemical properties of the biofuel and its addition effects on properties of diesel fuel were measured according to China national standard test methods. A single cylinder diesel engine was employed to evaluate the influences of the biofuel on engine fuel economy and engine-out emissions of CO, HC, NOx and smoke.

Premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion has been shown to be a promising combustion technique to improve the combustion process and simultaneously reduce both Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. The combination of port dimethyl ether (DME) induction and in-cylinder diesel direct-injection compression ignition (DICI) combustion was studied in a YTR 2105 engine. The main purposes of this paper were to investigate the effects of DME introduction on the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. Results obtained revealed that PCCI combustion process was composed of the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and conventional diffusion combustion. As the DME quantity was increased, the start of combustion (SOC) was advanced. The peak values of in-cylinder pressure and mass averaged temperature increased as well as the maximum heat release rate of DME HCCI combustion.

Biodiesels, which are produced through the transesterification reaction of fatty acids with alcohols, are promising clean alternative fuels in substitution of conventional diesel fuels. In this paper, a novel biodiesel, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether cottonseed oil monoester (TGMECOM), was developed. It was synthesized through transesterification of refined cottonseed oil and triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TGME) with KOH as catalyst. Its chemical structure was characterized through FTIR, 1H NMR and GC-MS analyses. To investigate the engine performance of TGMECOM, tests on a two-cylinder DI diesel engine were conducted with different concentrations blended into diesel fuel. The results indicate that, compared to diesel fuel, TGMECOM has higher cetane number and oxygen content. For TGMECOM, the combustion timing of engine is advanced, ignition delay is shortened, and the combustion is improved.