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This paper details an analysis theory to simulate various dynamic characteristics of a windshield wiper system on a vehicle for the purposes of computer-aided virtual prototyping. The analytical model consists of three-dimensional (3D) mechanical models of the complete wiper system and arm & blade subsystem which carries out complex reversal behavior. The equations of motion are solved considering the vehicle's 3D windshield surface data. Thus, the dynamic reaction forces in the vertical and frictional directions can be calculated at any point within the wiping pattern.

The blade impact force at the top and bottom reversal points contributes significantly to wiper system noise. This paper describes a newly developed process to simulate blade reversal behavior. The results of this simulation can provide necessary insight into reducing blade reversal noise. As a result of simulation under various conditions, it is shown that the reversal impact force can be reduced by modifying the maximum rubber neck rotational angle and the rubber neck rotational spring constant. It is also shown that the reaction force at the top and bottom reversal points can be adjusted by modifying the arm head twist angle.

This paper reports on research conducted at Nippondenso Co., Ltd. and Meiji University on nozzles for heavy duty diesel engines. It focuses on fuel flow analysis in the nozzle, a key component of Fuel Injection Systems (FIS). The optimum design nozzle improves fuel flow and spray characteristics. A newer and tougher emission regulation from the EPA for heavy duty diesel engines will be inevitable from 1998 onward. The goal of every company is to design new FIS in advance which meet the regulations of the future rather than paying for expensive developing costs after new laws have come into effect. To meet the regulation, requirements for FIS are higher injection pressure and injection rate control which create better fuel spray atomization and higher utilization of air. In particular, the nozzle must ensure that high injection pressure is effectively converted to fuel spray without pressure losses.