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The evolution of engine technology has so far seen the most beneficial side of progress in the fields of transportation, agriculture, and mobility. With the advent of innovation, there is also an impact on our environment that needs to be balanced. This is where fuels like CNG, LPG, LNG, etc. outperform conventional fossil fuels in terms of pollution & operational cost. This paper enlightens on the use of innovative dual-fuel technology where diesel & CNG fuels are used for combustion simultaneously inside the combustion chamber. Dual fuel system adaptation for farm application ensures self-reliance of the farmer where he can generate Bio-CNG to use the renewable fuel for farming making him less dependent on conventional fossil fuel thus promoting a green economy. The dual-fuel system is adapted to the existing in-use diesel engine with minimum modifications. This makes it feasible to retrofit a CNG fuel system on an existing diesel engine to operate it on dual fuel mode.

This paper discusses the test setup and methodology required to validate complete lift axle assembly for simulating the real time test track data. The correlation of rig vs track is discussed. The approach for reduction of validation time by eliminating few of the non-damaging tracks/events, its correlation with real life condition is discussed, and details are presented. With increased competition, vehicle development time has reduced drastically in recent past. Bench test procedure using accelerated test cycle discussed in this paper will help to reduce development time and cost. Process briefed in this paper can also be used for similar test specification for other structural parts or complete suspension system of heavy commercial vehicles.

Automobile industry is facing challenges in the field of technological innovation and achieving minimum Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) despite rise in fuel prices. To overcome these challenges is certainly a challenging task. In doing so, automobile sector is mainly focused on passenger safety, comfort, reliability, meeting stringent emission norms, and above all reducing the vehicle fuel consumption. Referring to the Paris climate agreement, and India’s commitment to reduce the CO2 intensity by 33% - 35% by 2030 below the 2005 levels [1], it is imperative to lay down strong policies and procedure to curb the fuel consumption to contribute for reduction in carbon foot print and oil imports. Transportation sector is majorly responsible for the GHG Emission of which the CO2 emission from commercial vehicles is nearly 73% [2], although the total sales of commercial vehicles are around 4% of cumulative vehicle sales.

In this paper the multi-link suspension for an All-Terrain Vehicle is designed, modelled and simulated. The model was produced by defining the position of the hard point or coordinate before specifying the component characters and joint variety, then after for modelling of the multi-link suspension, CATIA 3D modelling approach is used, sequentially the MBD approach is adopted for full suspension model simulation. The same test was conducted for the base model (double wishbone suspension) which was holding same characteristics. The kinematics and compliance of the simulation are matched with the base model simulation data to verify the suspension design and the result from the simulation exposed a validated virtual suspension system model with a pretty minimal rate of error. The result of the simulation shows that the introduced suspension system increases the cornering stiffness and deceases the bump steer along with this it gives the quick cornering and straight-line stability.

ADAS and AV technologies are going to disrupt the entire transportation industry, as we know it, with a profound impact on human life. They promise to enhance human lives by providing a safer and much more accessible transportation ecosystem to all of society. However, to deliver on all of its promises, they need to be at least as good as a ‘good’ human driver. Therefore, they need to be very safe and robust, with the ability to perform in a variety of driving scenarios, and be very secure, being immune from any external cyberattacks. Hence, such technologies need to be tested very extensively. However, from various studies, it has been found that, to declare a full AV as good as a human driver, the AV will be required to drive more than a billion miles on real roads, taking tens and sometimes hundreds of years to drive those miles, considering even the most aggressive testing assumptions.

This paper discusses experimental outcome of port fuel injected engines operated on gasoline mode and LPG mode. Eight Passenger car PFI engines were tested by using computerized engine data acquisition and control system on gasoline mode and LPG mode. Objectives of this experimental study were 1) To establish generic performance trend for group of newly introduced gasoline/LPG passenger car bi-fuel engines in Indian market. This trend has been established. 2) To compare performance of one sample engine in gasoline and LPG mode. This performance has been compared from performance characteristics curves in both modes. 3) To establish methodology to compare and contrast the performance of various types of Gasoline/LPG passenger car engines. This methodology has been established for a group of engines. 4) To define new normalized figure of merit suitable for the performance comparison of passenger car engines. A parameter power per unit displacement has been defined.

The objective of this project is to design of gas mixer venturi as per IS4477 and simulation of dual fuel (Diesel-CNG) engine for performances parameters to examine the BSFC using GT-suite. In present work; a 59 kW diesel engine of 18.5 compression ratio has been converted to operate on dual fuel (Diesel-CNG) keeping same compression ratio with improved fuel economy. Natural gas is an excellent fuel. Its combustion and emission characteristics are superior to any other realistic competing fuel. There are advanced technologies like closed loop lambda control system and lean combustion are incorporated in the engine to achieve the performance targets. In the initial stage; experimental testing is conducted for base diesel engine on engine dynamo for performance parameters. Experimental testing data and design data's of base diesel engine are used as input in GT-Suite to predict the performance of the base diesel engine.

Real Driving Emission (RDE) norms have changed the way vehicles are required to be calibrated and developed. This has moved the legislative requirements from predictable lab conditions to more realistic, real world conditions. Current Indian legislation allows certification for Heavy Duty (HD) applications on engine level and therefore decoupled from vehicle and the real world scenarios such as uncertainty and randomness in driver behavior, traffic conditions, road profiles, ambient conditions etc. which are not captured. Upcoming RDE legislation to be implemented in year 2023, has made it necessary to integrate engine with vehicle to consider the impact of various parameters on engine operating points and therefore on tail pipe emissions. This paper focusses upon the methodology developed using RDE cycle generator tool (RCG) for generating on-road parameters which influences the zone of engine operation and resulting emission levels.

Frame is one of the vital part of Light & Heavy Commercial vehicle which holds all the parts and testing the frame is not a cost effective as the complete vehicle assembly needs to be tested as the individual testing of frame is not formulated for testing. In the development stage of the vehicle we always seek for a quick, cost effective and reliable methodology so that any modification can be made by identifying the failures. In this paper we have addressed this problem by developing a generic frame test methodology by which the frame can be tested in the preliminary stage of development in a cost effective way and reliable way. The Multi Body Dynamics Simulation was carried out and rig was designed comprising of servo hydraulic actuators. The frame was instrumented to acquire the Field, Event and Torture track data for the formulation and verification of the synthetic drives.

Now-a-days, Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) is equipping cars and drivers with advance information and technology to make them become aware of the environment and handle potential situations in better way semi-autonomously. High-quality training and test data is essential in the development and validation of ADAS systems which lay the foundation for autonomous driving technology. ADAS uses the technology like radar, vision and combinations of various sensors including LIDAR to automatize dynamic driving tasks like steering, braking, and acceleration of vehicle for controlled and safe driving. And to integrate these advance technologies, the ADAS needs labeled data to train the algorithm to detect the various objects and moments of driver. Image annotation is one the well-known service to create such training data for computer vision. There are number of open source annotated datasets available viz. COCO, KITTI etc.