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Of late Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engines are replacing the carburetted SI engines due to certain inherent advantages like uniform distribution of fuel-air mixture in all cylinders in multi cylinder engines. However the homogeneity of the mixture depends on the time of injection as well as the type of fuel injector. It is expected that late in the compression stroke the fuel-air mixture near the spark plug should be a combustible mixture. In order to achieve this, proper air motion during induction and compression is a must. Further the interaction of fuel and air from the start of injection is equally important. This paper addresses these issues. For this a CFD study has been carried out. The injection timings selected are 90, 180 and 2700 aTDC, the idea being to understand the effects of early or late injection on fuel air mixing. The appropriate governing equations are solved using finite volume method. RNG k-ε turbulence model is used for physical modelling.

In the present work, an attempt was made to study numerically, using CFD, the effect of vane-shape on the flow-field and heat transfer characteristics of a disc brake rotor for different configurations and at different speeds. Initially, the CFD code used in this work was validated by experimental results obtained by conducting experiments on a test rotor using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Further, six types of rotor configurations viz., straight radial vane (SRV), tapered radial vane (TRV), modified tapered radial vane (MTRV), circular pillared (CP), diamond pillared (DP) and modified diamond pillared (MDP) were considered for the numerical analysis. Three of them were radial type and other three were of pillared type rotors. A rotor segment of 20° was considered for the numerical analysis due to rotational symmetry. Validation was done for SRV rotor, for which the experimental and predicted results were in good agreement.