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A research effort sponsored by Yamaha Motors, LTD. was undertaken to investigate exhaust system and exhaust silencing concepts for two-stroke engines. A complete one-dimensional gas dynamic computer program was developed for power-tuned exhaust systems. This program provides great insight into the actual nonlinear wave behavior of both conventional and innovative power-tuned exhaust systems. In addition, the simulated outlet flow rate has been coupled with the spherical wave equation in order to predict sound levels at any distance from the engine. An overall engine model has been developed for simulation of the internal gas dynamic behavior throughout the engine. This model includes the combustion and induction aspects of the engine cycle as well as a simplified exhaust system model. Engine power and torque can be predicted. The main use of the engine model is in comparative studies of engine parameter variations.