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With the development of world economy, the shortage in the supply of oil energy as well as the greenhouse effect have become a public concern around the world. The application of biodiesel on vehicle transportation has become the focus of development in many countries. Biodiesel, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is made during the process of transesterification of the animal and vegetable oils. Compared with fossil diesel, biodiesel has some characteristics, such as organic acid, higher water saturation, and oxygen content. From the results of the literatures [1] to [5], it showed that biodiesel would cause the inflation of some plastic and flexible products and the corrosion of metal materials. Metal fuel tanks have the characteristics of high flammability, high impact resistance, and good workability and are often used in commercial vehicles. The corrosion of metal materials is a natural chemical change and it can be influenced by the environment.

Recently, due to the concern on shortage in the supply of energy source as well as the greenhouse effect of engine exhaust, the use of renewable fuel, e.g., biodiesel, in the transportation sector is promoted. However, there are distinctions on both the physical and chemical properties between biodiesel and fossil diesel. These deviations in fuel property would result in different combustion characteristics and affect the performance of exhaust aftertreatment system, including the catalytic converter and the diesel particle filter. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of biodiesel on the performance and the durability of diesel particle filter. The biofuel adopted in this study was obtained by transesterification from methanol and spent edible oils, and fulfills the requirements specified in EN 14214 standard. All the tests were conducted in a heavy diesel engine (ISUZU 4JJ1E4N). Two studies were carried out in this paper.