Search Results

Year 2000 emission norms for Indian passenger cars, which have been notified requires major changes in the existing technologies being used in the passenger car vehicles on roads. Electronic fuel injection systems and catalytic converters are being used extensively abroad to meet stringent emission regulations. Even in India, major joint ventures in passenger car segment have introduced vehicles with single-point / multi-point fuel injection systems. It has become difficult to meet the mandated emission regulations with the conventional mechanical carburetted vehicles. Automotive Research Association of India alongwith M/s UCAL Fuel Systems has developed an electronic feedback carburettor system to use alongwith catalytic converter for a passenger car to meet the year 2000 emission norms. A closed loop system has been designed and developed which takes the input from a λ-sensor output and controls the additional air added in the intake manifold of the engine through a stepper motor.

Automotive emission regulations in India are becoming stringent day-by-day. With the deterioration of air quality, the new techniques suitable under Indian condition to reduce the emissions from automotive vehicles are becoming extremely important. In India large percentage of the vehicle population is 2-wheeler vehicles using a mechanical control for the air/fuel ratio. A project was undertaken to develop the simple Electronic Control System (ECS) for 4-stroke 2-wheeler vehicles. With the unleaded petrol available in the India, catalytic converters are becoming popular and are used on almost all passenger car vehicles as well as 2-stroke 2-wheeler vehicles. Efficiency of the 3-way catalytic converters is optimum for all the three pollutants provided the Air Fuel (A/F) ratio is maintained at the stoichiometry. It is very difficult to maintain A/F ratio at stoichiometry with the mechanical controls presently used.

Chassis dynamometers are required for different types of regulatory tests like emissions, fuel consumption, etc. as well as for different development tests and running-in of vehicles. With the stringent emission regulations, the chassis dynamometers are required to simulate road resistance accurately and consistently to get repeatable results. This paper describes the new concept of chassis dynamometer using two power devices, an eddy current dynamometer for absorption and a DC machine for generation. Both the machines are controlled through a personal computer (PC) with necessary interfaces. It has been possible to simulate the road resistance accurately on different driving cycles. The software developed has all the required modes for operation. The detailed results are presented in the paper.