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Use of the top tether attachment in three commonly available anchor points provides added restraint of child restraint systems (CRS). Three tether attachment positions were used; floor, behind the head rest (parcel deck) and at the ceiling. The three anchor points are comparable in efficacy while no tether allows increased travel of the anthropomorphic test device (ATD) head. Two series of six tests were conducted at a max speed of 20 mph and peak deceleration of 16 G's using a deceleration sled test apparatus. The first series of tests was conducted at a 90 degree impact angle. On average there is 9% less head travel when using the tether attachment compared to not using the tether attachment, all other conditions begin equal. The second series of tests was conducted at a 73 degree impact angle, there is 15% less head travel when using the tether attachment compared to not using the tether attachment, all other conditions begin equal.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has utilized a two part sled fixture to evaluate a near side test protocol for child restraint systems (CRS). The test was designed to impact the CRS with a fixed door at nearly 20 mph. This paper examines the affects of various fixture parameters on the acceleration and velocity profiles of the two part system during the impact event. It was determined that the kinematic time histories are sensitive to crush energy dissipation (as evaluated with variance in aluminum honeycomb volume) and fixture weight. It was also determined that payload weight, impact speed, and impact plane alignment have a small effect on the acceleration and velocity profiles. Even though the kinematics of the secondary carriage was small with the change in the impact plane alignment, it was determined that the CRS utilized in the standard test would have a 23% reduction in impact energy when compared to the CRS with the impact planes aligned.

This study provides a preliminary investigation of occupant kinematics for rear seat occupants involved in high-severity rear impacts. The effect of a seatbelts equipped with or without a pyrotechnic pretensioner on restraining the rear seat adult occupant was evaluated. Further, the study examined the result of the occupant's seating alignment by comparing a Nominal Seating Position (NSP) to an occupant whose torso would be rotated forward to be placed in a Moderately Displaced Position (MDP) prior to impact. A series of eight sled tests were performed using a deceleration sled subjected to a delta-V of 30 mph. Instrumented HIII 50th and 5th ATDs were positioned in the outboard, rear seating positions. The study found that pretensioners had little effect on the occupant kinematics of rear seat occupants in either the NSP or the MDP. But, there were marked differences in kinematic evaluations between the occupant seating alignment configurations.