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Experimental investigations of fuel breakup very close to nozzle of practical high-pressure swirl injector, which is used in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, were carried out. In GDI engines, fuel is directly injected into cylinder therefore the spray characteristics and mixture formation are of primary importance. In this research, visualizations of primary spray formation process were demonstrated using a high-speed video camera (maximum speed: 1Mfps) with a long-distance microscope. Initial state and development of the spray were discussed under the different injection pressure condition. During the injection period, the length and thickness of the liquid sheet, which is produced from the nozzle exit, were measured using Ar-ion laser sheet and high-speed camera. Primary spray structure and behavior of liquid sheet, especially surface wave of liquid sheet, at nozzle exit were discussed using obtained images.

In this paper, a new diagnostic method for abnormal automobile sound using CNN is proposed. The procedure of the method consists of 1) calculating the autoregressive model (AR model) coefficients from the abnormal sound by using the maximum entropy method; 2) constructing the CNN whose memory patterns become standard abnormal sound patterns; 3) making the coefficients obtained as an initial pattern and recalling one from the memory patterns, and then obtaining a diagnosis result. By using the method, the influence of the noise occurring from other normal parts can be avoided and the automobile abnormal sound can be diagnosed. The results obtained demonstrate the advantages of our approach.