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Beginning in 2010, implementation of on-board diagnostics (OBD) is mandatory for all the heavy-duty engine applications in the United States. The task of developing OBD strategies and calibrating them is a challenging one. The process involves a strong interdependency on base engine emissions, controls and regulations. On top of that the strategies developed as a result of the regulatory requirements need to go through a stringent and time-intensive process of software implementation and integration. The recent increasing demands to minimize the development process have been pushing the envelope on the methodologies used in developing the strategies and the calibration for robust monitoring. The goal of this paper is to provide a concise overview of a process utilized to help the development, testing and calibration of the OBD strategies on a 2010 model year heavy-duty diesel engine.

This paper is the third part of a series of three papers (parts) that address diesel engine applications. It provides an overview on the differences in emissions, operation, and design characteristics between eight categories of various diesel engine applications that engine system design engineers need to know, including on-road heavy-duty, on-road light-duty, land-based mobile off-road, locomotive, marine, stationary, alternative fuels and biodiesel, and two-stroke diesel engines. The analysis technique of competitive benchmarking mapping is introduced by using a large amount of production engine application data to reveal design trends. Two empirical formulae are developed for the relationship between engine performance and design parameters. A summary table of engine system design considerations and priorities for different applications is developed as a design guideline.