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Two methods for measuring Diesel exhaust particulate emissions are investigated and compared in this study. Total particulate matter emissions have been determined by a Sierra Instruments Model BG-1 Micro-Dilution Test Stand, while total carbon emissions have been determined by a Rupprecht & Patashnick Series 5100 Diesel Particulate Measurement System. Both methods have been subjected to a detailed error analysis, and optimized to improve repeatability. This paper describes the optimization completed, and compares the two methods after optimization. Emission measurements from a single-cylinder IDI engine and a multi-cylinder TDI engine are used to compare the two methods.

Oxygenated fuels have been used successfully as blending agents to improve combustion and reduce emissions from spark-ignition fuels. For compression-ignition engines, similar benefits may accrue from the use of oxygenated fuels and blending agents, however, the combustion and physical properties of the oxygenates appropriate for diesel applications are significantly different. In this study, a blend of 20% monoglyme and 80% diglyme, referred to as CETANER™, has been examined as a reformulating agent in a single-cylinder IDI diesel engine and a 4-cylinder DI turbodiesel engine. Gaseous and particulate emissions measurements, as well as pressure trace analyses, have been used to examine how this additive affects diesel combustion and emissions. This blend of glycol ethers has both a high cetane number and a high oxygen content; its performance stems from both characteristics. Blend ratios were considered that provided approximately 2, 4 and 6 wt.% oxygen to a premium diesel fuel.