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This paper investigates the flow maldistribution across the monolith of an axisymmetric catalyst assembly fitted to a pulsating flow test rig. Approximately sinusoidal inlet pulse shapes with relatively low peak/mean ratio were applied to the assembly with different amplitudes and frequencies. The inlet and outlet velocities were measured using Hot Wire Anemometry. Experimental results were compared with a previous study, which used inlet pulse shapes with relatively high peak/mean ratios. It is shown that (i) the flow is more maldistributed with increase in mass flow rate, (ii) the flow is in general more uniformly distributed with increase in pulsation frequency, and (iii) the degree of flow maldistribution is largely influenced by the different inlet velocity pulse shapes. Transient CFD simulations were also performed for the inlet pulse shapes used in both studies and simulations were compared with the experimental data.

Use of selective catalytic reduction technology is the most popular strategy for removing NOx from lean diesel exhaust. The reductant is essentially ammonia and this has been supplied as a spray of urea droplets, but more recently alternative technology where ammonia gas is released from a storage medium has become a viable alternative. Experiments have been carried out on an engine test rig run to steady state conditions using NOx composed of either 25% or 50% of NO₂, with ammonia gas as the reductant. This was a 1D study where a long 10 degree diffuser provided uniform temperature and velocity profiles to the SCR catalyst brick. Under the transient conditions that occur during drive cycles, the dosing of the ammonia can deviate from the optimum. In this study, the dosage rate of ammonia was held at a fixed value, while the engine load was varied.

Removal of NOx from lean diesel exhaust can be achieved by the use of selective catalytic reduction technology. The supplied reductant is often ammonia, either as urea or as ammonia gas released from a storage medium. Experiments have been carried out on an engine test rig run to steady state conditions using NOx composed mainly of NO, with ammonia gas as the reductant. This was essentially a 1D study because a long 10 degree diffuser was used to provide uniform temperature and velocity profile to the SCR catalyst brick in the test exhaust system. Tuning of the standard reaction, the NO SCR reaction, in a kinetic scheme from the literature and adjustment of the ammonia adsorption kinetics achieved improved agreement between the measurements and CFD simulations. This was carried out for studies at exhaust gas temperatures between 200 and 300°C.