Journal Article
Contribution of Lubricant Additives to Ash Generation on a Close-Coupled GPF
2020-09-15
2020-01-2162
In order to meet the particulate emission targets (6 x 1011 #/km), some gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines might require the use of particulate filters (GPF). The lifetime of wall-flow filters is influenced by the composition of the engine lubricant due to its potential to contribute to the ash accumulation in the GPF. Due to space constraints and to facilitate trapping and soot regeneration, a large number of GPFs will be in closed-coupled configuration. A study was carried out on an endurance test with a radio labelling method and conventional mass gain measurement to evaluate this GPF configuration, and verify the impact of metallic additives contained in the lubricant such as magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) based detergent, a zinc (Zn) based anti-wear, and a molybdenum (Mo) based friction modifier. Two oils were evaluated, with two levels (0.85%-1.1%) of SAPS (Sulphated Ash, Phosphorus and Sulphur).
