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Torsional vibration of engines has received considerable attention from researchers and engineers for many years; however, the influence of each drive train component on an engine's torsional vibration has received less attention. In this paper, the dynamic responses of the major components of an aircraft V-8 engine and propeller drive system are studied, along with their dynamic contributions to the global system. It was found that the propeller drive system had a significant effect on the torsional vibration of the engine crankshaft. Based on the natural frequency sensitivity study, a new analytical model was developed and the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results.