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The advantages of 2-stroke engines, high power and low weight, are in conflict with their disadvantages, high emissions and bad fuel economy. As these disadvantages are caused by the scavenging process, a reason for the problem can be analyzed by using three dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation (3D CFD simulation). The scavenging losses can be dramatically reduced with a high pressure fuel injection strategy. The purpose of this strategy is to prevent a fuel concentration in the incoming charge and to reduce the fuel concentration inside the exhaust system. These advantages can only be successfully exploited with the application of an optimal injection strategy. This paper covers a spray study for a gasoline direct injection (GDI) high performance 2-stroke engine using the commercial CFD Code Fluent.

The wide variety of applications of the loop scavenged 2-stroke engine is based on 3 advantages which emerge from the 2-stroke working principle: the high power density, the low weight, and the low production costs. An important aim of research activities in the field of 2-stroke engines is to optimize these advantages while minimizing the known disadvantages of high emissions and fuel consumption. Important tasks of the research work within the development process are the prediction of power and emissions of engine concepts and the simulation with special regard to the scavenging process and the high pressure cycle. In this area of research two state of the art simulation approaches exist. The first one is a detailed simulation of the scavenging and combustion process which is necessary to understand and optimize the fundamentals of the 2-stroke engine.