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Experiments and numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the NOx formation and fuel consumption according to various fuel injection nozzle geometry in medium-speed marine diesel engines. The spray visualization was performed experimentally in a constant-volume high-pressure chamber to verify numerical simulation results on the spray characteristics of the spray angle. A time-resolved spray behavior was captured by high-speed digital camera. We modified the coefficient in the correlation of spray penetration suggested by Hiroyasu et al.[1] and the f(T) of the correlation of spray angle suggested by Reitz et al.[2][3] The behavior of spray and combustion phenomena in diesel engine was examined by FIRE code. Wave breakup model and Zeldovich model were adopted to describe the atomization characteristics and the NOx formation.