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Mitsubishi Electric has developed a concept car “EMIRAI 2 xEV” that features an electric vehicle (EV) powertrain for safe, comfortable, eco-friendly driving experiences in the future. The vehicle was exhibited during the 2013 Tokyo Motor Show and the 2014 Automotive Engineering Exposition. The xEV is a four-wheel-drive EV with three motors: a water-cooled front motor and two air-cooled rear motors with integrated inverters. The rear wheels can be driven independently. The degrees of freedom of the actuation can realize improved maneuverability and safety. The vehicle is also equipped with an onboard charger with a built-in step down DC/DC converter, an EV control unit, a battery management unit, and electric power steering. All of the instruments are developed by Mitsubishi Electric. Motion control systems for the xEV have been developed based on our proprietary motor control technology.

Accuracy of positioning with GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) has been improved in recent years. Especially in Japan, high accuracy GNSS service, QZSS (Quasi Zenith Satellite System), will start in 2018 and the first QZS, “MICHIBIKI” has been already launched. They will broadcast correction data which enhances GNSS performance and realize cm-order positioning. In this paper, we, Mitsubishi Electric develop the estimation algorithm of vehicle position and attitude and also adapt the algorithm to a test vehicle which can trace automatically the calculated path with EPS (Electric Power Steering) and high accuracy GNSS. Although the GNSS receiver calculates the longitude and latitude of the vehicle every second, it is not enough to control vehicle dynamics smoothly. So we estimate vehicle position and attitude of the vehicle with GNSS and vehicle sensors in high frequency.

Mitsubishi Electric has been developing a lane keeping assist system (LKAS). This system consists of our products such as an electric power steering (EPS), a camera, and an electronic control unit (ECU) for ADAS. In this system, the camera detects a lane marker, the ECU estimates reference path and vehicle position, and calculates reference steering wheel angle, and the EPS controls a steering wheel angle based on reference steering wheel angle. In this paper, we explain the calculation method of reference steering wheel angle for path tracking control. We derive a formula of reference steering wheel angle calculation that converges lateral position deviation in desired time by using lateral position deviation change rate control on forward gaze point as path tracking control algorithm. Since the formula is obtained from the vehicle model, we can easily design a controller depending on the vehicle type, by using known vehicle specifications.