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The combination of increasing performance demands, increasing system complexity, and the need for reduced program development schedule and budget costs in the aerospace industry is driving engineers to increasingly rely upon modeling, simulation, and analysis (MS&A) in the platform development cycle. One approach to ensuring that such integrated system simulations remain computationally tractable is co-simulation utilizing technology found in commercially available packages, such as PC Krause and Associates, Inc.'s (PCKA's) Distributed Heterogeneous Simulation (DHS) / FastSim software. In such co-simulation environments, dynamic models are executed in independent model spaces, with coupling between subsystems achieved by exchanging a minimal set of required data typically found at subsystem boundaries.

Design of modern aircraft relies heavily on modeling and simulation for reducing cost and improving performance. However, the complexity of aircraft architectures requires accurate modeling of dynamic components across many subsystems. Integrated power and thermal modeling necessitates dynamic simulations of liquid, air, and two-phase fluids within vapor cycle system components, air cycle machine and propulsion components, hydraulic components, and more while heat generation of many on-board electrical components must also be precisely calculated as well. Integration of these highly complex subsystems may result in simulations which are too computationally expensive for quickly modeling extensive variations of aircraft architecture, or will require simulations with reduced accuracy in order to provide computationally inexpensive models.