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This paper describes a unique approach to ground and on-board diagnostics and prognostics of aviation batteries based on the sampling and analysis of the battery's intrinsic electrochemical parameters that represent its actual condition. A battery's ability to sustain required energy and power can be accurately determined, allowing replacement prior to failure.

Aviation battery maintenance is trending toward maintenance on-condition. NiCd, VRLA, or prospective Li-ion batteries are used to start engines, provide emergency back-up power, and assure ground power capability for maintenance and pre-flight checkout. As these functions are mission essential, State of Health (SoH) recognition is critical. GEM Power has developed a technological approach for SoH recognition, based on a battery equivalent schematic. The schematic is derived from a Matrix of Parameters (MoP), which includes ohm resistance, chemical resistance, electrical double layer capacity (EDLC), and open circuit voltage (OCV) [1].