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The reduction of NOx from Diesel Engines or Lean-burn Gasoline Engines is a major issue in automotive catalysis. Over the last several years, many solutions to remove NOx under lean operating conditions have been considered. Attention is now focused on two main technologies: (i) Selective Catalytic Reduction using ammonia as reductant (urea SCR) and (ii) NOx-Storage Catalyst (NSC). This paper deals with materials for NOx storage catalysts. Even if the fresh NSC shows high efficiency, its durability is low due to a fast deactivation of the active sites [1,3]. This problem relates to a drastic sintering of the materials after ageing, especially during the regeneration and the desulfation [3, 4 and 5]. Moreover, the current materials are sensitive to SOx poisoning [1,3, 4]. In this paper, modified Ba-alumina oxides used as NOx-Storage materials have been investigated. These oxides contain high Ba loading (such as 20 wt% Ba) and are thermally stable.