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Despite stricter anti-idling regulations issued by government entities, trailer refrigeration units (TRUs) have traditionally been exempt from these rules. However, diesel-operated TRUs are high emitters of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide at rest areas, truck stops, and loading docks and are becoming the focus of recent regulatory activity. Since these units must operate to keep perishable goods at the proper storage temperatures during transport, regulating the emissions from conventional TRUs without a proven alternative to the diesel engine-driven system is not feasible. The objective of this multi-phase project is to advance the electrical displacement of petroleum fuels currently utilized by the refrigeration transport industry while trailers are stationary at distribution warehouses.