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Energy conservation and efficiency have been the quest of engineers concerned with internal combustion engine. Approximately one-third of total fuel input energy is converted to useful work. Since the working gas in a practical engine cycle is not exhausted at ambient temperature, a major part of the energy is lost with the exhaust gases. In addition, another major part of energy input is rejected in the form of heat via the cooling system. Recently, much attention has been focused on achieving higher efficiency by reducing energy loss to coolant during the power stroke of the cycle. Thermal barrier coatings have a significant effect in the reduction of wear and abrasion failure in reciprocating and rotary engine for power generation and transportation. As operating temperature increases for improving Brake Thermal Efficiency, the wear and abrasion problem increases and becomes more challenging because lubrication in high temperature locations becomes increasingly problematic.

The main focus areas of today's IC engine design are energy efficiency and higher thermal efficiency. As there is a high amount of heat loss in atmosphere due to which the efficiency is lower for the standard engine. There is one possible solution to reduce such problem i.e., converting the conventional CI engine in to the LHR engine. For the current work the performance and emission characteristics are evaluated for the twin cylinder ceramic coated water cooled CI engine using blends of diesel and neem bio diesel. For the present work the bio-diesel was prepared in laboratory from non-edible vegetable oil (neem oil) by transesterification process with methanol, where potassium hydroxide (KOH) was used as a catalyst. Combustion chamber inner wall, Piston top surface (crown) and valve faces were coated with the Magnesium Zirconate (MgZrO3).