Search Results

Micro-perforated plate (MPP) absorbers are perforated plates with holes typically in the sub mm range and perforation ratios around 1%. The values are typical for applications in air at standard temperature and pressure (STP). The underlying acoustic principle is simple, it is to create a surface with a built in damping which effectively absorbs sound waves. To achieve this, the acoustic impedance of a MPP absorber is normally tuned to be of the order of the characteristic wave impedance in the medium (~ 400 Pa*s/m in air at STP). The traditional application for MPP absorbers has been building acoustics often combined with a so called panel absorber, to create an absorption peak at a selected frequency. However, MPP absorbers made of metal could also be used for noise control close to or at the source in many vehicle applications.

The use of turbochargers for production cars has been increasing due to the current trend of engine downsizing. Acoustically, it acts as a damper of the pressure pulsations from the engine that propagate through the intake and exhaust system. This effect is referred to as the passive acoustic properties of a turbocharger. The aim of this paper is to investigate the passive acoustic properties of an automotive turbocharger compressor and turbine and to develop and verify an acoustical model of the turbocharger. To investigate the acoustic properties such as the transmission loss and the transfer function through these elements under different operating conditions, acoustic two-port measurements were performed on a turbocharger test rig at different flow conditions.

There is increased concern about the noise emission from cooling systems. This is mainly due to an increased need for cooling needs due to turbo-charging and EGR systems, which tend to increase the fan power and thereby the noise. An important issue in this context is the behavior of the heat-exchanger and its acoustic transmission and absorption properties. In this paper an acoustic model to evaluate such data for a common type of heat exchanger, the parallel plate type, is presented. The basic configuration is assumed to be a matrix of parallel, narrow channels. The developed model is based on a so called equivalent fluid for an anisotropic medium. It is mainly dependent on the heat exchanger geometry combined with the Kirchhoff model for thermo-viscous wave propagation in narrow tubes. The proposed model can be used to predict the sound transmission and absorption for an entire heat exchanger for incident plane waves.

Automotive turbo compressors generate high frequency noise in the air intake system. This sound generation is of importance for the perceived sound quality of luxury cars and may need to be controlled by the use of silencers. The silencers usually contain resonators with slits, perforates and cavities. The purpose of the present work is to develop acoustic models for these resonators where relevant effects such as the effect of a realistic mean flow on losses and 3D effects are considered. An experimental campaign has been performed where the two-port matrices and transmission loss of sample resonators have been measured without flow and for two different mean flow speeds. Models for two resonators have been developed using 1D linear acoustic theory and a FEM code (COMSOL Multi-physics). For some resonators a separate linear 1D Matlab code has also been developed.

Components in ducts systems that create flow separation can for certain conditions and frequencies amplify incident sound waves. This vortex-sound phenomena is the origin for whistling, i.e., the production of tonal sound at frequencies close to the resonances of a duct system. One way of predicting whistling potential is to compute the acoustic power balance, i.e., the difference between incident and scattered sound power. This can readily be obtained if the scattering matrix is known for the object. For the low frequency plane wave case this implies knowledge of the two-port data, which can be obtained by numerical and experimental methods. In this paper the procedure to experimentally determine whistling potential will be presented and some examples are given to show how this procedure can be used in some applications for automotive intake and exhaust system components.

Micro-perforated plates (MPP:s) can be defined as a perforated plate where the hole impedance is dominated by viscous losses. This will always be true for sufficiently low frequencies or small holes. In addition for a standard MPP the perforation ratio is chosen so that the normalized acoustic resistance is between 1-2, which yields optimum damping for incident plane waves. Historically MPP:s have been used as panel absorbers to reduce reflections in rooms and enclosures. More recently the potential for machinery and vehicle applications has come into focus, e.g., dissipative exhaust silencers. Some advantages offered by a MPP solution, when compared to traditional dissipative silencers, are that it can reduce the weight and the problem with fibre breakout. In this paper the work on cylindrical MPP dissipative silencers at KTH is summarized.