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The paper discusses the analysis of gasoline atomization generated by piezoelectric fuel injectors operating in a high pressure direct injection system. The methodology and tests results of the influence of the fuel injection pressure and combustion chamber back pressure on the changes of the fuel spray geometrical parameters during the injection and on the values characterizing the injection quality have been presented in the paper. It was stated that the growth in the back pressure by 50% results in a decrease in the linear spray penetration by 15% and a change in the injection pressure by 25% reduces the spray penetration by 1.6-4%. Similar relations are found for the fuel spray area and are even stronger for the spray penetration velocity.

The paper discusses the analysis of ethanol (E85) fuel atomization generated by piezoelectric fuel injectors operating in a high-pressure gasoline direct injection system. The methodology and tests results of the influence of the fuel (E85) injection pressure and combustion chamber back pressure on the changes of the fuel spray geometrical parameters during the injection and on the values characterizing the injection quality have been presented in the paper. The tests were performed for one value of the air backpressure (1.5 MPa; as in modern supercharged DI engines) at the injection pressures of 5 and 20 MPa. The following comparative indexes were analyzed: linear and radial spray penetration during the injection and the velocity of the spray propagation. The investigation consisted in a visual recording of the process of fuel (ethanol E85) injection realized into a high pressure chamber.