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An experimental study is performed to investigate the effects of charge motion control on in-cylinder fuel-air mixture preparation and combustion inside a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. High-pressure production injector is used with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. Three different geometries of charge motion control (CMC) device are considered; two are expected to enhance the swirl motion inside the engine cylinder whereas the third one is expected to enhance the tumble motion. Experiments are performed at 1500 rpm engine speed with the variation in fuel injection timing, fuel pressure and the number of injections. It is found that swirl-type CMC devices significantly enhance the fuel-air mixing inside the engine cylinder with slower spray tip penetration than that of the baseline case without CMC device. Combustion images show that the flame growth is faster with CMC device compared to the similar case without CMC device.

A single-cylinder gasoline direct-injection engine was used for fuel spray and combustion visualizations with optical access to the combustion chamber. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of fuel injection pressure on spray and combustion characteristics inside the engine cylinder. A multi-hole high-pressure production injector was used with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. A Mie scattering technique was used to image the liquid phase of the fuel dispersion. The obtained spray images were then used to study the macroscopic spray characteristics such as spray structure, spray tip penetration and spray angle. Combustion visualization tests were performed to evaluate the effect of fuel injection pressure on combustion characteristics. In-cylinder pressure signals were recorded for the combustion analyses and synchronized with the high-speed combustion imaging recording.