Search Results

A concept of high density-low temperature combustion (HD-LTC) is put forward in this paper, showing potential of its high thermal efficiency and very low engine-out emissions by engine experimental and CFD modeling study. A single cylinder test engine has been built-up equipped with mechanisms of variable boost pressure and intake valve closing timing (IVCT). By delaying IVCT and raising boost pressure to certain values according to engine loads, the in-cylinder charge density is regulated much higher than in conventional engines. It is found that the high charge density can play the role of rising of heat capacity as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) does. Thereby low temperature combustion is realized with less EGR (about 18~19% oxygen concentration) to achieve very low NOx and soot emissions, which is extremely important at high and full loads.

Combustion control strategy for high efficiency and low emissions in a heavy duty (H D) diesel engine was investigated experimentally in a single cylinder test engine with a common rail fuel system, EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system, boost system and retarded intake valve closing timing actuator. For the operation loads of IMEPg (Gross Indicated Mean Effective Pressure) less than 1.1 MPa the low temperature combustion (LTC) with high rate of EGR was applied. The fuel injection modes of either single injection or multi-pulse injections, boost pressure and retarded intake valve closing timing (RIVCT) were also coupled with the engine operation condition loads for high efficiency and low emissions. A higher boost pressure played an important role in improving fuel efficiency and obtaining ultra-low soot and NOx emissions.

In this study, experimental and simulation investigations on the roles of charge density (ρtdc), temperature (Τtdc) at the top dead center and oxygen concentration (φO2) on the combustion paths, emissions and thermal efficiency of a high load operation diesel engine were conducted. Experimental engine was a modified single-cylinder engine equipped with variable mechanisms of boost, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and intake valve closing timing (IVCT) to regulate the Ptdc, φO2 and Τtdc. Simulations of engine combustion processes were performed with an ECFM-3Z combustion model. The results revealed that higher Ptdc, leading to lower overall fuel/oxygen equivalence ratio (Φm), enhanced the rate of mixing and chemical reaction and benefited improvement of the thermal efficiency.

In this study, Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) on a modified heavy-duty diesel engine was realized by hybrid combustion control strategy with flexible fuel injection timing, injection rate pattern modulation and high ratio of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) at different engine loads. It features with different degrees of fuel/air mixture stratifications. The very low soot emissions of the experiments called for further understanding on soot formation mechanism so that to promote the capability of prediction. A new soot model was developed with highlight in effects of surface activity on soot growth for soot formation prediction in partially premixed combustion diesel engine. According to previous results from literatures on the importance of acetylene as growth specie of PAH and soot surface growth, a gas-phase reduced kinetic model of acetylene formation was developed and integrated into the new soot model.

This paper investigated the effects of late intake valve closing timing (IVCT) and two-stage turbocharger systems matching based on partially premixed combustion strategy. Tests were performed on a 12-liter L6 heavy-duty engine at loads up to 10 bar BMEP at various speed. IVCT (where IVCT is -80°ATDC, -65°ATDC and -55°ATDC at 1300 rpm, 1600 rpm and 1900 rpm, respectively) lowered the intake and exhaust difference pressure, reducing pumping loss and improved the effective thermal efficiency by 1%, 1.5% and 2% at BMEP of 5 bar at 1300 rpm, 1600 rpm and 1900 rpm. For certain injection timings and EGR rate, it is found that a significant reduction in soot (above 30%) and NOx (above 70%) emissions by means of IVCT. This is due to that IVCT lowered effective compression ratio and temperature during the compression stroke, resulting in a longer ignition delay as the fuel mixed more homogeneous with the charge air ahead of ignition.

The effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), late intake valve closure (LIVC) and high compression ratio (HCR) on the performance of a 1.6L multi-point injection (MPI) gasoline engine at 2000rpmwere investigated in this paper. Compared to the baseline engine, The improvement of fuel consumption is about 1.4%∼4.5% by using EGR only because of a reduction of pumping loss(PMEP). Nevertheless deterioration of combustion is introduced at the same time for high specific heat of EGR. The maximum EGR rate introduced in this system is limited by cyclic variations of indicate mean effective pressure (COVIMEP) at low load and fresh charge to achieve enough output power at high load. After combined LIVC and HCR, the improvement of fuel consumption is about 3.5%∼9.6% compared with the baseline engine at the same operation conditions because of significant PMEP reduction, increasing of effective compression ratio (ECR).