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Stringent emission regulations are forcing combustion efficiency improvement. Therefore Diesel fuel injection pressures have regularly increased in the recent years to meet emission levels. This has made the Fuel Injection Equipments (FIE) more sensitive to fuel contaminants. The control and maintaining of the Diesel fuel cleanliness is therefore a key parameter of its performance and durability. Previously, FIE protection was specified only by the filter efficiency, as defined by the ISO 19438 lab test method. But new specifications have been developed and recommended by, defining only fuel cleanliness level at FIE entrance, no matter the operating conditions or any other considerations. It was therefore needed to investigate fuel contamination sources and dynamic phenomena like vibration and viscosity impact on fuel cleanliness, and link it to acceptable filter efficiency.

Noise is one of the key nuisances from which the car is the source. One of those noise sources, the air induction line of the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), can use some noise attenuation systems as damping isolated volumes (called resonators), or porous ducts, before the air filter. Those solutions can attenuate designated frequencies or range of frequencies. The issue is that those solutions can be bulky, especially for resonators, expensive or even generate some drawbacks on performances. Elements like hot air ingestion, pressure drops or even generation of new noises are some significant areas where performances can be deteriorated through the implementation of such acoustic device on the air induction line. It has then invented and developed a brand new type of acoustic device, designed to ensure optimal performances for a very low packaging. This solution preserves performances and cost, and tend to cope with most of the drawbacks of usual technologies.